Mitral stenosis: Difference between revisions

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*[[Valvular Emergencies]]
*[[Valvular Emergencies]]
*[[Heart Murmurs]]
*[[Heart Murmurs]]
 
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]

Revision as of 03:24, 23 January 2017

Background

  • Most likely cause is rheumatic fever
  • Rheumatic disease uncommon in western world, but still very common in underdeveloped countries[1]
    • USA, 0.25 per 1000 people
    • India and Pakistan, 5 per 1000 people
    • Cambodia, 21.5 per 1000 people
    • Mozambique, 30.4 per 1000 people
  • Other etiologies:
    • Stenotic annular calcification
    • Congenital, rare

Clinical Features

  • Mid-diastolic murmur
  • Symptoms
    • Exertional dyspnea
    • PND
    • Acute pulmonary edema
    • R-sided HF symptoms
    • Hemoptysis (pulmonary htn > ruptured bronchial vein)
    • Precipitants:

Evaluation

  • ECG
    • RAD
    • Biphasic P waves
    • Most common arrhythmia is AF
  • CXR
    • Straightening of right heart border
  • Echo

Differential Diagnosis

Valvular Emergencies

Management

  • Diuretics
    • Alleviates pulmonary congestion
  • A-fib treatment
  • Hemoptysis
    • Consider transfusion / surgery consult
  • Endocarditis prophylaxis after replacement

Complications

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Lung B. Mitral stenosis still a concern in heart valve diseases. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Volume 101, Issue 10, October 2008, Pages 597–599.
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