Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning: Difference between revisions

(10 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 2: Line 2:
*Associated with red tide
*Associated with red tide
*Seen in Southeast US, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, New Zealand
*Seen in Southeast US, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, New Zealand
*Caused by brevetoxins secreted by dinoflagellates during algal blooms, which are then ingested by shellfish and/or aerosolized
*Caused by brevetoxins secreted by dinoflagellates during algal blooms, which are then ingested by shellfish and/or aerosolized<ref name=James> James KJ et al. Shellfish toxicity: human health implications of marine algal toxins. Epidemiol Infect. 2010;138(7):927-40.  </ref>


==Diagnosis==
==Evaluation==
*Based on symptoms and history of ingesting shellfish or proximity to red tide


*If Ingested
**Similar to [[ciguatera]]
**GI symptoms - [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], [[abdominal pain|abdominal cramping]]; usually within 30 minutes to 3 hours of ingestion
**Neurologic symptoms - [[paresthesia]], [[dizziness]], [[ataxia]]. Can also see hot/cold temperature sensation reversal <ref name=Morris>Morris PD et al. Clinical and epidemiological features of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning in North Carolina. Am J Public Health. 1991;81(4):471-4. </ref>
*If Inhaled
**Upper respiratory tract irritation, [[rhinorrhea]], [[bronchoconstriction]]
**Generally affects patients with chronic respiratory disease (ie asthma/COPD) <ref> Fleming LE et al. Aerosolized red-tide toxins (brevetoxins) and asthma. Chest 2007;131:187. </ref>


==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
{{Marine envenomation DDX}}
{{Marine envenomation DDX}}


==Treatment==
==Management==
*Symptomatic
*Symptomatic


==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
*Most patients fully recover within 72 hours
==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Marine toxins and envenomations]]
*[[Marine toxins and envenomations]]


==Source==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
[[Category:Environ]]
[[Category:Environmental]]

Revision as of 20:29, 22 October 2019

Background

  • Associated with red tide
  • Seen in Southeast US, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, New Zealand
  • Caused by brevetoxins secreted by dinoflagellates during algal blooms, which are then ingested by shellfish and/or aerosolized[1]

Evaluation

  • Based on symptoms and history of ingesting shellfish or proximity to red tide

Differential Diagnosis

Marine toxins, envenomations, and bites

Management

  • Symptomatic

Prognosis

  • Most patients fully recover within 72 hours

See Also

References

  1. James KJ et al. Shellfish toxicity: human health implications of marine algal toxins. Epidemiol Infect. 2010;138(7):927-40.
  2. Morris PD et al. Clinical and epidemiological features of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning in North Carolina. Am J Public Health. 1991;81(4):471-4.
  3. Fleming LE et al. Aerosolized red-tide toxins (brevetoxins) and asthma. Chest 2007;131:187.