Difference between revisions of "Oxacillin"

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*Excretion:  
 
*Excretion:  
 
*Mechanism of Action:
 
*Mechanism of Action:
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==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>==
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{| class="wikitable"
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| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Group'''
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| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Organism'''
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| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Sensitivity'''
 +
|-
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| Gram Positive||[[Strep. Group A, B, C, G]]||'''S'''
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|-
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| ||[[Strep. Pneumoniae]]||'''S'''
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|-
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| ||[[Viridans strep]]||I
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|-
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| ||Strep. anginosus gp||'''S'''
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|-
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| ||[[Enterococcus faecalis]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Enterococcus faecium]]||R
 +
|-
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| ||[[MSSA]]||'''S'''
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|-
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| ||[[MRSA]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[CA-MRSA]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Staph. Epidermidis]]||'''S'''
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|-
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| ||[[C. jeikeium]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[L. monocytogenes]]||R
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|-
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| Gram Negatives||[[N. gonorrhoeae]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[N. meningitidis]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Moraxella catarrhalis]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[H. influenzae]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[E. coli]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Klebsiella]] sp||R
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|-
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| ||E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+||R
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|-
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| ||E coli/Klebsiella KPC+||R
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|-
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| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC neg||R
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|-
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| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC pos||R
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|-
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| ||[[Serratia]] sp||R
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|-
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| ||Serratia marcescens||X1
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|-
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| ||[[Salmonella]] sp||R
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|-
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| ||[[Shigella]] sp||R
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|-
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| ||[[Proteus mirabilis]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Proteus vulgaris]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Providencia sp.]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Morganella sp.]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Citrobacter freundii]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Citrobacter diversus]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Citrobacter sp.]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Aeromonas sp]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Acinetobacter sp.]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Burkholderia cepacia]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Stenotrophomonas maltophilia]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Francisella tularensis]]||X1
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|-
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| ||[[Brucella sp.]]||X1
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|-
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| ||[[Legionella sp.]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Pasteurella multocida]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Haemophilus ducreyi]]||X1
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|-
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| ||[[Vibrio vulnificus]]||X1
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|-
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| Misc||[[Chlamydophila sp]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Mycoplasm pneumoniae]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Rickettsia sp]]||X1
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|-
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| ||[[Mycobacterium avium]]||X1
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|-
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| Anaerobes||[[Actinomyces]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Bacteroides fragilis]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Prevotella melaninogenica]]||R
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|-
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| ||[[Clostridium difficile]]||X1
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|-
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| ||[[Clostridium (not difficile)]]||X1
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|-
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| ||[[Fusobacterium necrophorum]]||X1
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|-
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| ||[[Peptostreptococcus sp.]]||'''S'''
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|}
 +
 +
===Key===
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{{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}}
  
 
==See Also==
 
==See Also==

Revision as of 03:17, 24 June 2014

General

  • Type: Anti-Staphylococcal Penicillin
  • Dosage Forms: IM; IV
  • Common Trade Names:

Adult Dosing

General

  • Mild-to-moderate infection
    • 250-500 mg IM/IV q4-6 hours
  • Severe infection
    • 1g IM/IV q4-6 hours

Endocarditis

Prosthetic Joint Infection

MSSA

Pediatric Dosing

General

  • Mild-to-moderate
    • 50 mg/kg/day IM/IV divided q6 hours
    • First Dose: 12.5 mg/kg IM/IV x 1
    • Max: 4 g/day
  • Severe
    • 100 mg/kg/day IM/IV divided q4-6 hours
    • First Dose: 16.6-25 mg/kg IM/IV x 1
    • Max: 12 g/day

Community-Acquired Pneumonia (>3 Months)[1]

  • 150-200 mg/kg/day divided q6-8 hours
  • First Dose: 37.5-66.6 mg/kg IV x 1
  • For MSSA

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy Rating: B
  • Lactation: Use caution
  • Renal Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric
  • Hepatic Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

Common

Pharmacology

  • Half-life: 20-60 minutes (prolonged in neonates and renal impairment)
  • Metabolism:
  • Excretion:
  • Mechanism of Action:

Antibiotic Sensitivities[2]

Group Organism Sensitivity
Gram Positive Strep. Group A, B, C, G S
Strep. Pneumoniae S
Viridans strep I
Strep. anginosus gp S
Enterococcus faecalis R
Enterococcus faecium R
MSSA S
MRSA R
CA-MRSA R
Staph. Epidermidis S
C. jeikeium R
L. monocytogenes R
Gram Negatives N. gonorrhoeae R
N. meningitidis R
Moraxella catarrhalis R
H. influenzae R
E. coli R
Klebsiella sp R
E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+ R
E coli/Klebsiella KPC+ R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC neg R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC pos R
Serratia sp R
Serratia marcescens X1
Salmonella sp R
Shigella sp R
Proteus mirabilis R
Proteus vulgaris R
Providencia sp. R
Morganella sp. R
Citrobacter freundii R
Citrobacter diversus R
Citrobacter sp. R
Aeromonas sp R
Acinetobacter sp. R
Pseudomonas aeruginosa R
Burkholderia cepacia R
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia R
Yersinia enterocolitica R
Francisella tularensis X1
Brucella sp. X1
Legionella sp. R
Pasteurella multocida R
Haemophilus ducreyi X1
Vibrio vulnificus X1
Misc Chlamydophila sp R
Mycoplasm pneumoniae R
Rickettsia sp X1
Mycobacterium avium X1
Anaerobes Actinomyces R
Bacteroides fragilis R
Prevotella melaninogenica R
Clostridium difficile X1
Clostridium (not difficile) X1
Fusobacterium necrophorum X1
Peptostreptococcus sp. S

Key

  • S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
  • I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
  • R resistant (or not effective clinically)
  • S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
  • U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
  • X1 no data
  • X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
  • X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
  • X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia

See Also

Source

  1. ↑ IDSA/PIDS, 2011
  2. ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014
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