Oxygen toxicity: Difference between revisions
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==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
=== Central nervous system === | ===Pulmonary=== | ||
*Tracheobronchial irritation → pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea and coughing<ref name="Thomson">Thomson L, Paton J. Oxygen toxicity. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2014 Jun;15(2):120-3.</ref> | |||
*Atelectasis | |||
*Diffuse alveolar damage → [[Pulmonary edema]]/[[ARDS]] | |||
===Central nervous system=== | |||
*Tunnel vision | *Tunnel vision | ||
*Tinnitus | *Tinnitus | ||
*[[Nausea]] | *[[Nausea]] | ||
* | *Facial twitching | ||
*Irritability (personality changes, | *Irritability (personality changes, anxiety, confusion, etc.) | ||
*[[ | *[[Seizure]] | ||
=== Ocular | ===Ocular=== | ||
*Retinopathy of prematurity | *Generally only seen in infants | ||
**Retinopathy of prematurity (retrolentar fibroplasia) | |||
*In adults exposed to repeated toxic levels of oxygen, can get hyperoxic myopia, which resolves spontaneously<ref>Anderson B, Farmer JC. Hyperoxic myopia. Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society. 1978;76:116-124.</ref> | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
{{Scuba diving DDX}} | {{Scuba diving DDX}} | ||
== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
*Clinical diagnosis | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
| Line 27: | Line 31: | ||
==Disposition== | ==Disposition== | ||
*Admit | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Environ]] | [[Category:Environ]] | ||
Revision as of 07:40, 4 March 2016
Background
- Resulting from the harmful effects of breathing oxygen at elevated partial pressures
Clinical Features
Pulmonary
- Tracheobronchial irritation → pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea and coughing[1]
- Atelectasis
- Diffuse alveolar damage → Pulmonary edema/ARDS
Central nervous system
- Tunnel vision
- Tinnitus
- Nausea
- Facial twitching
- Irritability (personality changes, anxiety, confusion, etc.)
- Seizure
Ocular
- Generally only seen in infants
- Retinopathy of prematurity (retrolentar fibroplasia)
- In adults exposed to repeated toxic levels of oxygen, can get hyperoxic myopia, which resolves spontaneously[2]
Differential Diagnosis
Diving Emergencies
- Barotrauma of descent
- Otic barotrauma
- Pulmonary barotrauma
- Sinus barotrauma
- Mask squeeze
- Barodentalgia (trapped dental air causing squeeze)
- Barotrauma of ascent
- Pulmonary barotrauma (pulmonary overpressurization syndrome)
- Decompression sickness (DCS)
- Arterial gas embolism
- Alternobaric vertigo
- Facial baroparesis (Bells Palsy)
- At depth injuries
- Oxygen toxicity
- Nitrogen narcosis
- Hypothermia
- Contaminated gas mixture (e.g. CO toxicity)
- Caustic cocktail from rebreathing circuit
Diagnosis
- Clinical diagnosis
Management
- Removal from high partial pressure of oxygen, if possible
Disposition
- Admit