Pentobarbital: Difference between revisions
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==Adult Dosing== | ==Adult Dosing== | ||
*[[Procedural sedation]]: 150- | *[[Procedural sedation]]: 150-200mg IM x1 | ||
**Onset 10-15min IM; duration 1-4h IM | **Onset 10-15min IM; duration 1-4h IM | ||
*Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV | *Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV | ||
**Start: 10- | **Start: 10-15mg/kg IV x1, then 1mg/kg/h IV | ||
**Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use | **Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use | ||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
*[[Procedural sedation]]: 2-6mg/kg IM x1 | *[[Procedural sedation]]: 2-6mg/kg IM x1 | ||
**Max: | **Max: 100mg/dose | ||
**Onset: 10-15min IM, 1min IV; duration: 1-4h IM, 15min IV | **Onset: 10-15min IM, 1min IV; duration: 1-4h IM, 15min IV | ||
*Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV | *Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV | ||
**Start: 10- | **Start: 10-15mg/kg IV x1, then 1mg/kg/h IV | ||
**Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use | **Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use | ||
==Special Populations== | ==Special Populations== | ||
*[[Pregnancy | *[[Drug Ratings in Pregnancy|Pregnancy Rating]]: D | ||
===Renal Dosing=== | ===Renal Dosing=== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | |||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
Revision as of 21:30, 23 September 2019
Administration
- Type: Anticonvulsant, Barbiturate; Barbiturate
- Routes of Administration: IV, IM
- Common Trade Names: Nembutal
Adult Dosing
- Procedural sedation: 150-200mg IM x1
- Onset 10-15min IM; duration 1-4h IM
- Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV
- Start: 10-15mg/kg IV x1, then 1mg/kg/h IV
- Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use
Pediatric Dosing
- Procedural sedation: 2-6mg/kg IM x1
- Max: 100mg/dose
- Onset: 10-15min IM, 1min IV; duration: 1-4h IM, 15min IV
- Barbiturate coma: 1-3mg/kg/h IV
- Start: 10-15mg/kg IV x1, then 1mg/kg/h IV
- Taper dose gradually to discontinue if long-term use
Special Populations
Renal Dosing
- Renal impairment: decrease start dose
Hepatic Dosing
- Hepatic impairment: decrease start dose
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Depressed respiratory function
- Porphyria
- Avoid abrupt withdrawal (long-term use)
Adverse Reactions
Serious
- respiratory depression
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- angioedema
- lupus erythematosus
Common
- somnolence
- agitation
- confusion
- hyperkinesia
- ataxia
- CNS depression
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 15-50 hrs
- Metabolism: CYP450
- Excretion: Urine
Mechanism of Action
alters sensory cortex, cerebellar, and motor activities; produces sedation, hypnosis, and anesthesia