Piperacillin/Tazobactam

General

  • Type: Anti-Pseudomonal Penicillin
  • Dosage Forms:
  • Common Trade Names: Zosyn

Adult Dosing

General

  • 3.375 g IV q6 hours
  • Alt: 4.5 g q6-8 hours
  • Max: 18 g/day

Diverticulitis

  • 3.375 g IV q6 hours x 7-10 days

Pneumonia

  • CAP
    • 3.375 g IV q6 hours x 7-10 days
    • Only for P. aeruginosa caused or from aspiration[1]
  • Nosocomial
    • 4.5 g IV q6 hours x 7-14 days
    • + aminoglycoside or antipseudomonal fluoroquinolone

Pediatric Dosing[2]

A Piperacillin/Taxobactam 3.375g vial contains 3g piperacillin and 0.375g tazobactam (8:1 ratio)

General

  • <2 months
    • 100 mg piperacillin/kg/dose IV q6 hours
  • 2-9 months
    • 80 mg piperacillin/kg/dose IV q8 hours
  • >9 months
    • 100 mg piperacillin/kg/dose q8 hours
  • Max: 16 g/day

Appendicitis and/or Peritonitis

  • 2-9 months
    • 80 mg piperacillin/kg/dose IV q8 hours
  • >9 months
    • ≤40 kg: 100 mg piperacillin/kg/dose IV q8 hours
    • >40 kg: 3.375g (3000 mg piperacillin) IV q6 hours
  • Max: 16 g/day

Cystic Fibrosis, Pseudomonal Infection

  • 240-400 mg piperacillin/kg/day IV divided q8 hours;
    • Consider higher dose: 450-600 mg/kg/day IV divided q4-6 hours[3]

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy:
  • Lactation:
  • Renal Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric
  • Hepatic Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

Common

Pharmacology

  • Half-life:
  • Metabolism:
  • Excretion:
  • Mechanism of Action:

Antibiotic Sensitivities[4]

Group Organism Sensitivity
Gram Positive Strep. Group A, B, C, G S
Strep. Pneumoniae S
Viridans strep I
Strep. anginosus gp S
Enterococcus faecalis S
Enterococcus faecium I
MSSA S
MRSA R
CA-MRSA R
Staph. Epidermidis S
C. jeikeium X1
L. monocytogenes X2
Gram Negatives N. gonorrhoeae X2
N. meningitidis S
Moraxella catarrhalis S
H. influenzae S
E. coli S
Klebsiella sp S
E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+ R
E coli/Klebsiella KPC+ R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC neg S
Enterobacter sp, AmpC pos S
Serratia sp S
Serratia marcescens X1
Salmonella sp S
Shigella sp S
Proteus mirabilis S
Proteus vulgaris S
Providencia sp. S
Morganella sp. S
Citrobacter freundii S
Citrobacter diversus S
Citrobacter sp. S
Aeromonas sp S
Acinetobacter sp. I
Pseudomonas aeruginosa S
Burkholderia cepacia X1
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia I
Yersinia enterocolitica X1
Francisella tularensis X1
Brucella sp. X1
Legionella sp. R
Pasteurella multocida X1
Haemophilus ducreyi X1
Vibrio vulnificus X1
Misc Chlamydophila sp R
Mycoplasm pneumoniae R
Rickettsia sp X1
Mycobacterium avium X1
Anaerobes Actinomyces X1
Bacteroides fragilis S
Prevotella melaninogenica S
Clostridium difficile X1
Clostridium (not difficile) S
Fusobacterium necrophorum S
Peptostreptococcus sp. S

Key

  • S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
  • I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
  • R resistant (or not effective clinically)
  • S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
  • U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
  • X1 no data
  • X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
  • X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
  • X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia

See Also

Source

  1. Mandell, 2007
  2. Red Book, 2012
  3. Zobell JT, Waters CD, Young DC, et al, "Optimization of Anti-Pseudomonal Antibiotics for Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Exacerbations: II. Cephalosporins and Penicillins," Pediatr Pulmonol, 2013, 48(2):107-22. PubMed 22949297
  4. Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014