Prilocaine

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General

Maximum Doses of Anesthetic Agents

Agent Without Epinephrine With Epinephrine Duration Notes
Lidocaine 5 mg/kg (max 300mg) 7 mg/kg (max 500mg) 30-90 min
  • 1% soln contains 10 mg/ml
  • 2% soln contains 20 mg/ml
Mepivicaine 7 mg/kg 8 mg/kg
Bupivicaine 2.5 mg/kg (max 175mg) 3 mg/kg (max 225mg) 6-8 hr
  • 0.5% soln contains 5 mg/ml
  • May cause cardiac arrest if injected intravascularly
  • Do not buffer with bicarbonate
Ropivacaine 3 mg/kg
Prilocaine 6 mg/kg
Tetracaine 1 mg/kg 1.5 mg/kg 3hrs (10hrs with epi)
Procaine 7 mg/kg 10 mg/kg 30min (90min with epi)

Adult Dosing

Pediatric Dosing

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy Rating: B
  • Lactation: Unknown
  • Renal Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric
  • Hepatic Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug
  • Methemoglobinemia

Adverse Reactions

Serious

Common

  • Anxiety, restlessness
  • Dizziness
  • Twitching, shivering
  • Edema

Pharmacology

  • Half-life: 10-150 min
  • Metabolism: hepatic and renal
  • Excretion: urinary
  • Mechanism of Action: Local anesthetic; prevents generation/conduction of nerve impulses by reducing sodium permeability and increasing action potential threshold

See Also

References