Scurvy
Revision as of 14:00, 7 February 2016 by Rossdonaldson1 (talk | contribs) (→Differential Diagnosis)
Background
- Nutritional deficiency of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
- Vitamin C is typically foundin fruits and vegetables.
- Vitamin C is a cofactor for hydroxylation of proline and lysine amino acids in procollagen molecules, which is required for cross-linking collagen's triple helix.
- Scurvy therefore leads to unstable collagen and collagen fragility.
- leaking of vascular structures
- gingival bleeding
- petechiae
- easy bruising
- leaking of vascular structures
- Vitamin C is also required for the disulfide bonding in hair leading to corkscrew appearance of hair.
Clinical Features
- Gingival bleeding
- Easy bruising
- Petechiae
- Corkscrew hair
Differential Diagnosis
Petechiae
- Thrombocytopenia
- Fat embolism syndrome
- Henoch-Schonlein purpura
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
- Rocky mountain spotted fever
- Pertussis
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
- Scurvy
Dentoalveolar Injuries
Odontogenic Infections
- Acute alveolar osteitis (dry socket)
- Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (trench mouth)
- Dental abscess
- Periapical abscess
- Periodontal abscess
- Ludwig's angina
- Pulpitis (dental caries)
- Pericoronitis
- Peritonsillar abscess (PTA)
- Retropharyngeal abscess
- Vincent's angina - tonsillitis and pharyngitis
Other
Diagnosis
Guided by clinical suspicion but confirmed with laboratory analysis of vitamin C levels.
Management
Vitamin C supplementation.
Disposition
See Also
External Links
References
- Kluesner, Nicholas and Miller, daniel. “Scurvy: Malnourishment in the land of the plenty.” The journal of emergency medicine. Vol 46. no 4. pages 530-532. 2014.
- Maltos, andre, et al. “Scurvy in a patient with AIDS: case report.” Revista de sociedade brasileira de medicina tropical 44(1): 122-123. 2011.