Stroke (main)
Stroke Types
** Hypertension
Background
- Vascular injury that reduces CBF to specific region of brain causing neuro impairment
- Accurate determination of last known time when pt was at baseline is essential
Causes
- Ischemic (87%)
- Thrombotic (80% of ischemic CVA)
- Atherosclerosis
- Vasculitis
- Arterial dissection
- Polycythemia
- Hypercoagulable state
- Infection
- Embolic (20% of ischemic CVA)
- Valvular vegetations
- Mural thrombi
- Arterial-arterial emboli from proximal source
- Fat emboli
- Septic emboli
- Hypoperfusion
- Cardiac failure resulting in systemic hypotension
- Thrombotic (80% of ischemic CVA)
- Hemorrhagic (13%)
- Intracerebral
- Hypertension
- Amyloidosis
- Anticoagulation
- Vascular malformations
- Cocaine use
- SAH
- Berry aneurysm rupture
- Vascular malformation rupture
- Intracerebral
Differential Diagnosis
Stroke-like Symptoms
- Stroke
- Seizures/postictal paralysis (Todd paralysis)
- Syncope
- Subdural hemorrhage
- Epidural hemorrhage
- Hypoglycemia
- Hyponatremia
- Meningitis/encephalitis
- Hyperosmotic Coma
- Labyrinthitis
- Drug toxicity
- Bell's Palsy
- Complicated migraine
- Meniere Disease
- Demyelinating disease (MS)
- Conversion disorder
- Transient global amnesia
- Giant cell arteritis
- Cerebral sinus thrombosis
See Also
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
- Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke (tPA)
- CVA (Post-tPA Hemorrhage)
- Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)
- Cervical Artery Dissection
- NIH Stroke Scale
- Cerebellar Stroke