Thrombolytics for STEMI: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
*Fibrinolytic treatment within 3hr resulted in >30 lives saved per 1000 patients | |||
==Indications<ref>ACLS Training Center. Fibrinolytic Checklist for STEMI. https://www.acls.net/images/algo-fibrinolytic.pdf</ref><ref>Rivera-Bou WL et al. Thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Dec 08, 2015. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/811234-overview*a3.</ref>== | |||
==Indications== | *[[Chest pain]] >30 min but <12 hrs, not relieved by [[nitroglycerin]] | ||
*PCI greater than 120 min away<ref> [AHA 2013 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction [https://www.heart.org/idc/groups/heart-public/@wcm/@mwa/documents/downloadable/ucm_453635.pdf PDF]</ref> | |||
*[[ECG]] criteria of STEMI | |||
**STE in 2 contiguous leads | |||
**Posterior STEMI | |||
**LBBB with Sgarbossa criteria | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
===Absolute=== | |||
*Any prior [[ICH]] | |||
*Known structural cerebral vascular lesion (AVM) | |||
*Known [[intracranial neoplasm]] | |||
*[[Ischemic stroke]] within 3 mo | |||
*Active internal bleeding (excluding menses) | |||
*Suspected [[aortic dissection]] or [[pericarditis]] | |||
===Relative=== | |||
*Severe uncontrolled BP (>180/110) | |||
*History of chronic severe poorly controlled hypertension | |||
*History of prior ischemic stroke >3 mo | |||
*Known intracranial pathology not covered in absolute contraindications | |||
*Current use of anticoagulants with known INR >2–3 | |||
*Known bleeding diathesis | |||
*Recent trauma (past 2 wk) | |||
*Prolonged CPR (>10 min) | |||
*Major surgery (<3 wk) | |||
*Noncompressible vascular punctures (e.g. IJ, subclavian) | |||
*Recent internal bleeding (within 2–4 wk) | |||
*Patients treated previously with streptokinase should not receive streptokinase a 2nd time | |||
*Pregnancy | |||
*Active [[peptic ulcer disease]] | |||
*Other medical conditions likely to increase risk of bleeding (diabetic retinopathy, etc) | |||
==Administration== | ==Administration== | ||
''If receive fibrinolytics also give anticoagulants for minimum of 48hr, and preferable the length of the hospitalization'' | |||
{{Thrombolytics STEMI}} | {{Thrombolytics STEMI}} | ||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
*0.5-1% of patients suffer [[ICH]] | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[STEMI]] | |||
*[[Thrombolytics]] | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
Revision as of 08:22, 5 March 2019
Overview
- Fibrinolytic treatment within 3hr resulted in >30 lives saved per 1000 patients
Indications[1][2]
- Chest pain >30 min but <12 hrs, not relieved by nitroglycerin
- PCI greater than 120 min away[3]
- ECG criteria of STEMI
- STE in 2 contiguous leads
- Posterior STEMI
- LBBB with Sgarbossa criteria
Contraindications
Absolute
- Any prior ICH
- Known structural cerebral vascular lesion (AVM)
- Known intracranial neoplasm
- Ischemic stroke within 3 mo
- Active internal bleeding (excluding menses)
- Suspected aortic dissection or pericarditis
Relative
- Severe uncontrolled BP (>180/110)
- History of chronic severe poorly controlled hypertension
- History of prior ischemic stroke >3 mo
- Known intracranial pathology not covered in absolute contraindications
- Current use of anticoagulants with known INR >2–3
- Known bleeding diathesis
- Recent trauma (past 2 wk)
- Prolonged CPR (>10 min)
- Major surgery (<3 wk)
- Noncompressible vascular punctures (e.g. IJ, subclavian)
- Recent internal bleeding (within 2–4 wk)
- Patients treated previously with streptokinase should not receive streptokinase a 2nd time
- Pregnancy
- Active peptic ulcer disease
- Other medical conditions likely to increase risk of bleeding (diabetic retinopathy, etc)
Administration
If receive fibrinolytics also give anticoagulants for minimum of 48hr, and preferable the length of the hospitalization
Alteplase (TPA)
Dosing based on patient weight:
- 67kg: Infuse 15mg IV over 1-2min; then 50mg over 30min; then 35mg over next 60min (i.e. 100mg over 1.5hr)
- ≤67kg: Infuse 15mg IV over 1-2min; then 0.75 mg/kg (max 50mg) over 30 min; then 0.5 mg/kg over 60min (max 35 mg)
Tenecteplase (TNKase)
- Reconstitute 50 mg vial in 10 mL sterile water (5 mg/mL)
- < 60 kg = 30 mg IV push over 5 seconds
- 60-69 kg = 35 mg IV push over 5 seconds
- 70-79 kg = 40 mg IV push over 5 seconds
- 80-89 kg = 45 mg IV push over 5 seconds
- > 90 kg = 50 mg IV push over 5 seconds
Complications
- 0.5-1% of patients suffer ICH
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ ACLS Training Center. Fibrinolytic Checklist for STEMI. https://www.acls.net/images/algo-fibrinolytic.pdf
- ↑ Rivera-Bou WL et al. Thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Dec 08, 2015. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/811234-overview*a3.
- ↑ [AHA 2013 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction PDF