Viral hemorrhagic fevers

Background

• Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) refer to a group of illnesses that are caused by several distinct families of viruses

Types

Communicable by Person-to-Person Spread

• Ebola
• Marburg
• Lassa fever
• Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever

Differential Diagnosis

Fever in traveler

• Normal causes of acute fever!
• Malaria
• Dengue
• Leptospirosis
• Typhoid fever
• Typhus
• Viral hemorrhagic fevers
  • Ebola virus disease
  • Marburg virus disease
  • Lassa fever
  • Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
• Chikungunya
• Yellow fever
• Rift valley fever
• Q fever
• Amebiasis
• Zika virus

Bioterrorism Agents

Category A

• Anthrax
• Smallpox
• Plague
• Tularemia
• Botulinum Toxin
• Viral hemorrhagic fever

Category B

• Ricin
• Brucellosis
• Epsilon toxin
• Psittacosis
• Q Fever
• Staph enterotoxin B
• Typhus
• Glanders
• Melioidosis
• Food safety threats
• Water safety threats
• Viral encephalitis

Category C

• Influenza
• Yellow fever
• Tickborne hemorrhagic fever
• Tickborne encephalitis

See Also

Travel Medicine