Acidosis
(Redirected from Acidemia)
- Metabolic acidosis
- Anion gap acidosis (mnemonic: GOLDMARK or CAT MUDPILES)
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Alcoholic ketoacidosis
- Starvation ketoacidosis
- Lactic acidosis
- Metformin-associated lactic acidosis
- Type A lactic acidosis (tissue hypoperfusion: shock, sepsis, mesenteric ischemia, cardiac arrest, seizures, carbon monoxide)
- Type B lactic acidosis (impaired metabolism: liver failure, malignancy, medications, thiamine deficiency)
- Toxic alcohols
- Salicylate toxicity
- Uremia / Renal failure
- Pyroglutamic acidosis (5-oxoprolinemia; associated with chronic acetaminophen use, malnutrition, sepsis)
- Iron
- Isoniazid
- Cyanide
- D-lactic acidosis (short bowel syndrome)
- Toluene (initially anion gap; may convert to non-anion gap)
- Non anion gap acidosis (mnemonic: HARDUPS or USEDCARP)
- Renal tubular acidosis
- Diarrhea (most common cause of NAGMA)
- Hyperchloremic acidosis (iatrogenic — excessive NS resuscitation)
- Ureteral diversion (ileal conduit, ureterosigmoidostomy)
- Acetazolamide / carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Pancreatic fistula / drainage
- Anion gap acidosis (mnemonic: GOLDMARK or CAT MUDPILES)
- Respiratory acidosis
- Acute (CNS depression, airway obstruction, neuromuscular disease, pneumothorax, flail chest)
- Chronic (COPD, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, neuromuscular disease, chest wall deformity)
- Mixed acid-base disorders (commonly encountered in the ED; e.g. combined metabolic acidosis + respiratory acidosis in overdose; combined anion gap + non-anion gap in DKA with NS resuscitation)
See Also
- Acid-base disorders
- Metabolic alkalosis
- Respiratory alkalosis
- Anion gap
- Osmolar gap
- Toxic Alcohols
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis
- Lactic Acidosis
- Sepsis
