Listeria monocytogenes
==Background==[1]
- Intracellular aerobic Gram Positive motile rod
- Ingestion of Listeria often from contaminated, ready-to-eat food:
- melons
- soft cheese
- deli meat
- raw milk
- Approximately 2/3 of pregnant women with listeria infection have symptoms such as:
- fever
- abdominal pain
- vomiting
- headache
- diarrhea
- Infected pregnant women have a risk of miscarriage or stillbirth of approximately 20%
Antibiotic Sensitivities[2]
Category | Antibiotic | L. monocytogenes |
Penicillins | Penicillin G | S |
Penicillin V | R | |
Methicillin | R | |
Nafcillin/Oxacillin | R | |
Cloxacillin/Diclox. | R | |
Amino-Penicillins | AMP/Amox | S |
Amox-Clav | X2 | |
AMP-Sulb | S | |
Anti-Pseudomonal Penicillins | Ticarcillin | S |
Ticar-Clav | X2 | |
Pip-Tazo | X2 | |
Piperacillin | S | |
Carbapenems | Doripenem | S |
Ertapenem | I | |
Imipenem | S | |
Meropenem | S | |
Aztreonam | R | |
Fluroquinolones | Ciprofloxacin | S |
Ofloxacin | R | |
Pefloxacin | R | |
Levofloxacin | S | |
Moxifloxacin | S | |
Gemifloxacin | S | |
Gatifloxacin | S | |
1st G Cephalo | Cefazolin | R |
2nd G. Cephalo | Cefotetan | R |
Cefoxitin | R | |
Cefuroxime | R | |
3rd/4th G. Cephalo | Cefotaxime | R |
Cefizoxime | R | |
CefTRIAXone | R | |
Ceftaroline | X1 | |
CefTAZidime | R | |
Cefepime | R | |
Oral 1st G. Cephalo | Cefadroxil | R |
Cephalexin | R | |
Oral 2nd G. Cephalo | Cefaclor/Loracarbef | R |
Cefproxil | R | |
Cefuroxime axetil | R | |
Oral 3rd G. Cephalo | Cefixime | R |
Ceftibuten | R | |
Cefpodox/Cefdinir/Cefditoren | R | |
Aminoglycosides | Gentamicin | SS |
Tobramycin | SS | |
Amikacin | SS | |
Chloramphenicol | S | |
Clindamycin | ||
Macrolides | Erythromycin | S |
Azithromycin | S | |
Clarithromycin | S | |
Ketolide | Telithromycin | S |
Tetracyclines | Doxycycline | S |
Minocycline | S | |
Glycylcycline | Tigecycline | S |
Daptomycin | I | |
Glyco/Lipoclycopeptides | Vancomycin | S |
Teicoplanin | S | |
Telavancin | S | |
Fusidic Acid | X1 | |
Trimethoprim | S | |
TMP-SMX | S | |
Urinary Agents | Nitrofurantoin | X1 |
Fosfomycin | R | |
Other | Rifampin | S |
Metronidazole | R | |
Quinupristin dalfoppristin | S | |
Linezolid | S | |
Colistimethate | R |
Key
- S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
- I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
- R resistant (or not effective clinically)
- S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
- U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
- X1 no data
- X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
- X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
- X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia
Table Overview
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See Also
References
- ↑ Ciaranello, A. L., & Author AffiliationsFrom the Departments of Medicine (A.L.C. (2021, July 15). Case 21-2021: A 33-Year-Old Pregnant Woman with Fever, Abdominal Pain, and Headache: NEJM. New England Journal of Medicine. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMcpc2107344?query=featured_home.
- ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014