Synthetic cannabinoids: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Common names: spice, K2, Moon Rocks, Blue Lotus, many others | *Common street names: spice, K2, Moon Rocks, Blue Lotus, many others | ||
*Active ingredients | *Active ingredients frequently change to avoid legal proscription | ||
* | *Generally contains cannabinoid receptor agonists (CB1 or CB2) that are far more potent than THC | ||
*Does not show up on routine tox screen | |||
* | *Generally smoked, but can be imbibed as a tea | ||
*Generally smoked, but can be | |||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
*Similar effect to marijuana at low doses, but may be more intense and cause an acute | *Similar effect to marijuana at low doses, but may be more intense and cause an acute [[Excited delirium]] | ||
*Typical | *Typical onset of 10-30 min and taper over 1-2 hours | ||
*'''Tachycardia and hypertension''' common (distinguishing it from MJ use) | *'''Tachycardia and hypertension''' common (distinguishing it from MJ use) | ||
*Adverse effects:;nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations, agitation, deli | *Adverse effects:;nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations, agitation, deli | ||
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{{Drugs of abuse types}} | {{Drugs of abuse types}} | ||
==Evaluation== | |||
*Clinical diagnosis | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*Supportive | *Supportive care | ||
* | ==Disposition== | ||
*Generally may be discharged once sober (assuming no adverse effects that would mandate admission) | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
Revision as of 18:18, 3 February 2017
Background
- Common street names: spice, K2, Moon Rocks, Blue Lotus, many others
- Active ingredients frequently change to avoid legal proscription
- Generally contains cannabinoid receptor agonists (CB1 or CB2) that are far more potent than THC
- Does not show up on routine tox screen
- Generally smoked, but can be imbibed as a tea
Clinical Features
- Similar effect to marijuana at low doses, but may be more intense and cause an acute Excited delirium
- Typical onset of 10-30 min and taper over 1-2 hours
- Tachycardia and hypertension common (distinguishing it from MJ use)
- Adverse effects:;nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations, agitation, deli
- Use has been associated with AKI and acute cerebral ischemia.[1][2]
Differential Diagnosis
Sympathomimetics
- Cocaine
- Amphetamines
- Synthetic cathinones (khat)
- Ketamine
- Ecstasy (MDMA)
- Synthetic cannabinoids
- Bath salts
Drugs of abuse
- 25C-NBOMe
- Alcohol
- Amphetamines
- Bath salts
- Cocaine
- Ecstasy
- Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
- Heroin
- Inhalant abuse
- Hydrocarbon toxicity
- Difluoroethane (electronics duster)
- Marijuana
- Kratom
- Phencyclidine (PCP)
- Psilocybin ("magic mushrooms")
- Synthetic cannabinoids
- Chloral hydrate
- Body packing
Evaluation
- Clinical diagnosis
Management
- Supportive care
Disposition
- Generally may be discharged once sober (assuming no adverse effects that would mandate admission)
See Also
References
- ↑ Buser GL, Gerona RR, Horowitz BZ, et al. Acute kidney injury associated with smoking synthetic cannabinoid. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2014;52(7):664–73.
- ↑ Takematsu M, Hoffman RS, Nelson LS, Schechter JM, Moran JH, Wiener SW. A case of acute cerebral ischemia following inhalation of a synthetic cannabinoid. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2014;52(9):973–5.