Heat exhaustion: Difference between revisions
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
==Evaluation== | ==Evaluation== | ||
===Workup=== | |||
*Evidence of hemoconcentration | *Evidence of hemoconcentration | ||
*May be [[hyponatremic]], isotonic or [[hypernatremic]] | *May be [[hyponatremic]], isotonic or [[hypernatremic]] | ||
**Depending on ratio of fluid and electrolyte loss to intake | **Depending on ratio of fluid and electrolyte loss to intake | ||
===Diagnosis=== | |||
*Typically a clinical diagnosis. | |||
==Treatment<ref>Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339</ref>== | ==Treatment<ref>Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339</ref>== | ||
Revision as of 02:17, 17 May 2019
Background
- Predicted to increase due to increasing climate temperatures.
Etiology[1]
- Occurs via water depletion or sodium depletion or combination
- Water depletion occurs in elderly and persons working in hot environments
- Salt depletion occurs when fluid losses are replaced with hypotonic solutions
Clinical Features[2]
Known heat exposure with temperature 37-40C with:
- Tachycardia
- Sweating (especially when associated with exercise)
- Nausea or vomiting
- Headache
- Fatigue, weakness
- Dizziness
- Orthostatic hypotension with normal mental status
- Mentation is normal (in contrast to Heatstroke)
Differential Diagnosis
Environmental heat diagnoses
Evaluation
Workup
- Evidence of hemoconcentration
- May be hyponatremic, isotonic or hypernatremic
- Depending on ratio of fluid and electrolyte loss to intake
Diagnosis
- Typically a clinical diagnosis.
Treatment[3]
- Removal from heat-stressed environment
- Volume and electrolyte replacement
- Oral versus IV depending on severity
- Aggressive cooling to 39C if patient does not respond to 30min of fluid replacement
Disposition[4]
- Majority of patients can be discharged
- Consider admision in patients with CHF or severe electrolyte disturbances
Complications
See Also
References
- ↑ Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339
- ↑ Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339
- ↑ Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339
- ↑ Waters T. Heat Emergencies In: Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 7th ed. McGraw Hill Medical. 2011: 1339