Cefpodoxime: Difference between revisions
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==General== | ==General== | ||
*Type: 3rd generation [[cephalosporin]] | *Type: [[Is Generation::3rd generation]] [[Is DrugClass::cephalosporin]] | ||
*Dosage Forms: tablet, oral suspension | *Dosage Forms: tablet, oral suspension | ||
*Dosage Strengths: tablet: 100mg, 200mg; oral suspension: 50mg/5mL, 100mg/5mL | *Dosage Strengths: tablet: 100mg, 200mg; oral suspension: 50mg/5mL, 100mg/5mL | ||
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===[[Urinary tract infection]], uncomplicated=== | ===[[Urinary tract infection]], uncomplicated=== | ||
*100mg q 12 h for 7 days | *100mg q 12 h for 7 days | ||
===[[Pyelonephritis]]=== | |||
*200mg q12 for 10 days | |||
==Pediatric Dosing== | ==Pediatric Dosing== | ||
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*Allergy to class/drug | *Allergy to class/drug | ||
*Caution: | *Caution: | ||
**Hypersensitivity to [[penicillin] | **Hypersensitivity to [[penicillin]] | ||
**Renal impairment | **Renal impairment | ||
**Concurrent nephrotoxic agent | **Concurrent nephrotoxic agent | ||
Latest revision as of 18:18, 18 July 2025
General
- Type: 3rd generation cephalosporin
- Dosage Forms: tablet, oral suspension
- Dosage Strengths: tablet: 100mg, 200mg; oral suspension: 50mg/5mL, 100mg/5mL
- Routes of Administration: PO
- Common Trade Names: Cefopodoxine Proxetil, Vantin
Adult Dosing
Bronchitis (chronic)
- 200mg q 12 h for 10 days
Acute bacterial infection
- 200mg q 12 h for 10 days
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis
- 100mg q 12 h for 5-10 days
Acute community acquired pneumonia
- 200mg q 12 h for 14 days
Acute rhino sinusitis
- 200mg q 12 h for 10 days
Skin and soft tissue infection
- 400mg q 12 h for 14 days
Urinary tract infection, uncomplicated
- 100mg q 12 h for 7 days
Pyelonephritis
- 200mg q12 for 10 days
Pediatric Dosing
General
- Infant ≥2 months to children <12 years: 10mg/kg/day (maximum 200mg/dose) q 12 h
- Children >12 years to adolescent: 100 to 400mg q 12 h
Specific indication
- Bronchitis (chronic), acute bacterial infection
- Adult dosing for Infant ≥2 months to children <12 years
- Acute otitis media
- Infant ≥2 months to children <12 years: 5mg/kg/dose (maximum 200mg/dose) q 12 h for 5 days, duration according to AAP recommendation [1]: for children < 2 years or any age with sever symptoms; 10 day-course, age 2-**5 years with mild to moderate symptoms: 7 day-course; age ≥ 6 years with mild to moderate symptoms: 5 day-course
- Pharyngitis/tonsillitis:
- Infant ≥2 months to children <12 years: 5mg/kg/dose (maximum 100mg/dose) q 12 h for 5-10 days
- Children >12 years to adolescent: adult dosing
- Acute sinusitis
- Infant ≥2 months to children <12 years: 5mg/kg/dose (maximum 200mg/dose) q 12 h for 10 days, ISDA recommend adding Clindamycin for 10-14 days in patients with failed initial therapy or at risk of antibiotic resistance (attending daycare, age <2 years, recently hospitalised, antibiotic used with in 1 month) [2]
- Children >12 years to adolescent: adult dosing
- Skin soft tissue infection and uncomplicated urinary tract infection
- Children >12 years to adolescent: adult dosing
Special Populations
- Pregnancy Rating: B
- Lactation: excreted in breast milk, not recommended for nursing women
- Renal Dosing
- Adult
- CrCl >30 mL/minute: dosage adjustment not needed
- CrCl <30 mL/minute: administer q 24 h
- Hemodialysis: 3 times/week following dialysis
- Pediatric: not defined
- Adult
- Hepatic Dosing: dosage adjustment not nescessary
Contraindications
- Allergy to class/drug
- Caution:
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin
- Renal impairment
- Concurrent nephrotoxic agent
- Seizure disorder
- Recent antibiotic-associated colitis
Adverse Reactions
Serious (<1%)
- Anaphylaxis
- Hypotension
- Nephritis
- Pseudomembranous colitis
- Seizures
- Leukopenia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Anemia
- Exfoliative dermatitis
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- C. diff associated diarrhea
Common
- Diaper rash
- Diarrhea
- Nausea/vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Dyspepsia
- Headache
- Candidiasis, vulvovaginal
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 2-3 h, prolonged to ~10 h if CrCl <30 mL/minute
- Metabolism: De-esterified in GI tract to active metabolite
- Excretion: Urine
- Mechanism of Action: Inhibit bacterial cell walls synthesis (binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)