Bacterial gastroenteritis/es: Difference between revisions

(Created page with "===Características Clínicas y Causas===")
(Created page with "{| class="wikitable" |+ EDAD no invasiva |- ! Especie!! Inicio !! Síntomas !! Transmisión !! Toxina preformada |- | Viral (norovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus) || 11-72 horas || *Náuseas, vómitos, diarrea acuosa *Calambres abdominales leves, mialgia || *De Heces a Boca *Alimentos o agua contaminados || No |- | Staph || 1-6 hrs || *Náus...")
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===Características Clínicas y Causas===
===Características Clínicas y Causas===


<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Noninvasive AGE
|+ EDAD no invasiva
|-
|-
! Species!! Onset !! Symptoms !! Transmission !! Preformed Toxin
! Especie!! Inicio !! Síntomas !! Transmisión !! Toxina preformada
|-
|-
| Viral ([[Special:MyLanguage/norovirus|norovirus]], [[Special:MyLanguage/adenovirus|adenovirus]], [[Special:MyLanguage/rotavirus|rotavirus]])
| Viral ([[Special:MyLanguage/norovirus|norovirus]], [[Special:MyLanguage/adenovirus|adenovirus]], [[Special:MyLanguage/rotavirus|rotavirus]])
|| 11-72 hrs
|| 11-72 horas
||  
||  
*Nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea
*Náuseas, vómitos, diarrea acuosa
*Mild abdominal cramps, myalgia
*Calambres abdominales leves, mialgia
||  
||  
*Fecal-oral
*De Heces a Boca
*Contaminated food or water
*Alimentos o agua contaminados
|| No
|| No
|-
|-
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|| 1-6 hrs
|| 1-6 hrs
||  
||  
*Nausea, severe vomiting, diarrhea,  
*Náuseas, vómitos severos, diarrea,  
*Mild abdominal cramping
*Calambres abdominales leves
||  
||  
*Previously cooked foods (mayonaise, ham, salads)
*Alimentos cocidos previamente (mayonesa, jamón, ensaladas)
|| Yes
|| Yes
|-
|-
| [[Special:MyLanguage/Bacillus cereus|B. cereus]]
| [[Special:MyLanguage/Bacillus cereus|B. cereus]]
|| 1-6 hrs
|| 1-6 horas
||  
||  
*Abrupt onset of nausea, vomiting, mild diarrhea
*Inicio brusco de náuseas, vómitos, diarrea leve
||  
||  
*Previously cooked foods (rice, vegetables, dried fruits, meat)
*Alimentos cocidos previamente (arroz, verduras, frutas secas, carne)
|| Yes
|| Yes
|-
|-
| [[Special:MyLanguage/Clostridium (not difficile)|C. perfringens]]
| [[Special:MyLanguage/Clostridium (not difficile)|C. perfringens]]
|| 8-24 hrs
|| 8-24 horas
||  
||  
*Nausea, minimal vomiting, watery diarrhea
*Náuseas, vómitos mínimos, diarrea acuosa
*Abd cramps
*Calambres abdominales
||  
||  
*Previously cooked or reheated meats and poultry
*Carnes y aves cocidas o recalentadas previamente
|| Yes
|| Yes
|-
|-
| [[Special:MyLanguage/Vibrio cholera|V. cholerae]]|| 11-72 hrs ||  
| [[Special:MyLanguage/Vibrio cholera|V. cholerae]]|| 11-72 horas ||  
*Explosive rice-water diarrhea
*Diarrea explosiva de tipo "arroz y agua"
*Vomiting, abdominal cramps
*Vómitos, calambres abdominales
*Fever
*Fiebre
||  
||  
*Fecal-oral
*De Heces a Boca
*Contaminated food or water
*Alimentos o agua contaminados
|| No
|| No
|-
|-
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|| 1-4 wks
|| 1-4 wks
||  
||  
*Flatus, bloating
*Flatulencia, distensión
*Foul-smelling and fatty stools (steatorrhea)
*Heces con mal olor y grasas (esteatorrea)
||  
||  
*Fecal-oral
*De Heces a Boca
*Contaminated water
*Agua contaminada
|| No
|| No
|}
|}
</div>


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Revision as of 00:46, 1 February 2026

Other languages:

Véase Gastroenteritis aguda (peds) para pacientes pediátricos

Antecedentes

  • La mayoría de la gastroenteritis aguda (EGA) es viral, no bacteriana
  • Sangre en las heces sugiere etiología bacteriana
  • NO diagnosticar el vómito aislado como EDAD


Características Clínicas y Causas

EDAD no invasiva
Especie Inicio Síntomas Transmisión Toxina preformada
Viral (norovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus) 11-72 horas
  • Náuseas, vómitos, diarrea acuosa
  • Calambres abdominales leves, mialgia
  • De Heces a Boca
  • Alimentos o agua contaminados
 No
Staph 1-6 hrs
  • Náuseas, vómitos severos, diarrea,
  • Calambres abdominales leves
  • Alimentos cocidos previamente (mayonesa, jamón, ensaladas)
 Yes
B. cereus 1-6 horas
  • Inicio brusco de náuseas, vómitos, diarrea leve
  • Alimentos cocidos previamente (arroz, verduras, frutas secas, carne)
 Yes
C. perfringens 8-24 horas
  • Náuseas, vómitos mínimos, diarrea acuosa
  • Calambres abdominales
  • Carnes y aves cocidas o recalentadas previamente
 Yes
V. cholerae 11-72 horas
  • Diarrea explosiva de tipo "arroz y agua"
  • Vómitos, calambres abdominales
  • Fiebre
  • De Heces a Boca
  • Alimentos o agua contaminados
 No
Giardia 1-4 wks
  • Flatulencia, distensión
  • Heces con mal olor y grasas (esteatorrea)
  • De Heces a Boca
  • Agua contaminada
 No
Invasive AGE
Species Onset Symptoms Transmission
Salmonella 6-72 hours
  • Eggs
  • Poultry
  • Water
  • Reptiles
Shigella 1-3 days
  • Food
  • Fecal-Oral
Yersinia 1-5 days
  • Water
  • Milk
  • Pork
  • Wild Animals
  • Fecal-Oral
Campylobacter 1-7 days
  • Water
  • Poultry
  • Pets/Animals
C. Diff 1-11 Weeks
  • Copious FOUL diarrhea
Entamoeba 1-11 weeks
  • Water
  • Sanitation
  • Travel

Differential Diagnosis


Dolor abdominal difuso

Nausea and vomiting

Critical

Emergent

Nonemergent


Evaluation

  • Assess hydration status
    • Cap refill, skin turgor, respiratory rate
  • Consider stool studies if:


Management

  1. Rehydration (PO preferred)
  2. Antiemetic
  3. Antibiotics


Disposition

  • Most can be discharged
  • Admit
    • Unable to tolerate PO
    • Hemodynamic instability
    • Significant comorbidities


See Also


External Links


References

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