Severe acute respiratory syndrome: Difference between revisions
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==Evaluation== | ==Evaluation== | ||
*CXR (abnormal in 75% of cases at presentation) | *[[CXR]] (abnormal in 75% of cases at presentation) | ||
**Patchy consolidation in peripheral lung fields | **Patchy consolidation in peripheral lung fields | ||
[[File:SARS.jpg|thumbnail|A chest X-ray showing increased opacity in both lungs, indicative of pneumonia, in a patient with SARS]] | [[File:SARS.jpg|thumbnail|A chest X-ray showing increased opacity in both lungs, indicative of pneumonia, in a patient with SARS]] | ||
Revision as of 12:23, 9 September 2016
Background
- SARS = Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
- Mainly Asia
- Commonly isolated from civet cat
- Coronavirus spread by respiratory droplet transmission
Clinical Features
Differential Diagnosis
Influenza-Like Illness
- Influenza
- Parainfluenza
- URI
- Pneumonia
- Sinusitis
- Toxic exposure
- Pyelonephritis
- Bronchitis
- Coronavirus
Cough
Acute (< 3 wks)
- URI (rhinitis, sinusitis, pertussis)
- LRI (bronchitis, pneumonia)
- Influenza
- Allergy
- Asthma
- Environmental irritants
- Transient airway hyperresponsiveness
- Foreign body
- SARS
Chronic (> 8 wks)
- Postinfectious; pertussis
- Smoking and/or chronic bronchitis
- Postnasal discharge
- Asthma
- GERD
- ACEI/ARB
- CHF
- Lung cancer or intrathoracic mass
- Emphysema
- Interstitial lung disease
- Psychiatric
Causes of Pneumonia
Bacteria
Viral
- Common
- Influenza
- Respiratory syncytial virus
- Parainfluenza
- Rarer
- Adenovirus
- Metapneumovirus
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
- Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS)
- 2019-nCoV (COVID-19)
- Cause other diseases, but sometimes cause pneumonia
Fungal
- Histoplasmosis
- Coccidioidomycosis
- Blastomycosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)
- Sporotrichosis
- Cryptococcosis
- Aspergillosis
- Candidiasis
Parasitic
Evaluation
- CXR (abnormal in 75% of cases at presentation)
- Patchy consolidation in peripheral lung fields
Management
- Empiric treatment for Bacterial Pneumonia
- Ribavirin
- Methylprednisolone
Disposition
- Admit