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| {| class="wikitable" | | {{#ask: [[Is DrugClass::Benzodiazepine]] | ?SeizureDose=Dose | ?BrandName=Trade Name}} |
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| ! Dislocation Type
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| ! Frequency
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| ! Mechanism
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| ! Additional Comments
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| ! Associated with fracture?
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| ! Image
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| | '''Anterior'''
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| *Most common
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| *Spontaneously while patient is yawning, "popping" ears, or laughing
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| *Risk factors:
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| **Prior dislocation
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| **Weakness or laxity of capsule
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| **Ligamentous injury
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| *Mandibular condyle forced in front of the articular eminence
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| *May happen bilaterally or unilaterally
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| *No
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| [[File:Anterior Dislocation.jpeg|100px]] | |
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| | '''Posterior'''
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| *Rare
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| *Follows a blow to the mandible that may or may not break the condylar neck
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| *Condylar head may prolapse into the external auditory canal
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| *Possible
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| [[File:Posterior Dislocation.jpeg|100px]]
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| | '''Lateral'''
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| *Rare
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| *
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| *Often associated with mandibular fracture
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| *Yes
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| [[File:Lateral Dislocation.jpeg|100px]]
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| | '''Superior'''
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| *Rare
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| *Occur from blow to the partially opened mouth
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| *Associated with cerebral contusions, facial nerve palsy, deafness
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| *
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| [[File:Superior Dislocation.jpeg|100px]]
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| ==EX==
| | [[Scarlet_fever_1.2.jpg|thumb|"Slapped cheeks" and "white mustache" (circumoral pallor) typical of scarlet fever.]] |
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| '''Superior''' dislocations occur after being punched below the mandibular ramus as the mouth remains half-open. Since great force occurs in a punch, the angle of the jaw will be forced upward moving towards the [[condylar]] head. This can result in a fracture of the glenoid fossa and displacement of the condyle into the [[middle cranial fossa]], potentially injuring the [[facial nerve|facial]] and [[vestibulocochlear nerve]]s and the [[temporal lobe]]. '''Lateral''' dislocations move the mandibular condyle away from the skull and are likely to happen together with jaw fractures.<ref name=EMedicine823775/><ref name=pmid21474286>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.ijom.2011.02.031 |pmid=21474286 |title=Management of long-standing mandibular dislocation |journal=International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery |volume=40 |issue=8 |pages=810–4 |year=2011 |last1=Huang |first1=I-Y. |last2=Chen |first2=C.-M. |last3=Kao |first3=Y.-H. |last4=Chen |first4=C.-M. |last5=Wu |first5=C.-W. }}</ref>
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| Posterior, superior and lateral dislocations are uncommon injuries and usually result from high-energy trauma to the chin. By contrast, anterior dislocations are more often the result of low-energy trauma (e.g. [[tooth extraction]]) or secondary to a medical condition that affects the stability of the joint (e.g. [[seizure]]s, ligamentous laxity, degeneration of joint capsule).
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