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Tag: Redirect target changed |
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| == General ==
| | #REDIRECT[[ECG (main)]] |
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| *1 small box = 1mm = 0.04 sec = 40 miliseconds
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| *5 small boxes = 1 big box = 5mm = 0.2 sec = 200 miliseconds
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| == Intervals ==
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| {| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" style="width: 500px;"
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| |-
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| | Interval
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| | Time (s)
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| | boxes
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| |-
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| | PR
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| | 0.12 - 0.20
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| | 3-5
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| |-
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| | QRS
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| | .06 - 0.10
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| | 1.5-2.5
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| |-
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| | QTc
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| | <0.44
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| | N/A
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| |}
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| ==Axis==
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| *Cannot be measured if BBBs are present
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| *If up in leads 1 and AVF then normal axis
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| == Q waves ==
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| *Significant if >1 box wide or if is 1/3 of entire QRS amplitude
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| *Early Repolarization:
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| **ST elevation most prominent in lat precord leads (V4-6) but no reciprocal changs
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| **T waves usually broad, tall (>5mm) & upright
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| **Limb leads may also have ST elevation, rarely >2 mm
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| == T waves ==
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| *Normally upright in 1, 2, V3-V6
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| *Negative in AVR
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| *If is greater than 2/3 height of R wave then is abnormal
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| *Deep symmetrical inverted T waves:
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| #Left ventricle apical hypertrophy | |
| #Raised ICP (e.g.SAH)
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| #Wellen's (MI)
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| #Paced rhythm
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| #BBB's or WPW
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| #Idiopathic
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| == RAE ==
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| *Rarely isolated finding (usually RVH/RAD also)
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| *P amplitude >2.5mm in II
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| *Large biphasic p wave in V1
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| *Right atrial hyper.-initial component is larger in V1 than V6
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| #p-mitrale-m notched p wave in leads 1 and 2. Greater than .12 seconds.
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| == LAE ==
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| *Biphasic P in V1 w/ wide, deep terminal component, >1mm depth & wide
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| #Left atrial hyper.-terminal component is larger than .04 sec.
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| == LVH ==
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| #Sum of S in V1 or V2 & R in V5 or V6 is >35mm
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| #Sum of highest R & deepest S in precord is >45mm
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| #R wave in V6 > 18mm
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| #R in AVL of >12mm
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| #L precordial leads may show ST depression & TWI = LV strain pattern
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| #LAD-with slightly wide QRS. Or r in avl greater than 11mm, r in 1 is greater than 12mm, or R in AVf is greater than 20mm
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| == RVH ==
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| #Dominant R in V1 >7mm (also seen in WPW, RBBB, post MI, & nml var)
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| #RSR in V1 w/ QRS < 0.12
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| #This dx usu also w/ RAE or strain (ST dep w/ twi in V1-V3).
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| #Less sens. & spec. than LVH, usu nl ecg
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| #RVH-R wave greater than S in V1, but gets progressively smaller from V1 to V6. S wave persists in V5 and V6. RAD with slightly wide QRS.
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| #(note: R :S ratio greater than 1 also in: 1.RBBB 2.WPW type A. 3. Post. Wall MI. 4.kids.)
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| == RBBB ==
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| #QRS > 0.12 in limb leads
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| #Triphasic QRS (RSR'), often w/ ST depression & TWI in V1-V3
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| ##V1 must have a positive complex.
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| #Slurred S in 1 and V6
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| == LBBB ==
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| #ST depression and TWI are common
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| #QRS > 0.12 in limb leads
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| #Leads
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| ##Large and wide R waves — leads I, aVL, V5, and V6
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| ##Small R wave followed by deep S wave —leads II, III, aVF, V1–V3
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| == LAFB ==
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| #Left axis deviation (-45 or more) w/QRS <0.10s
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| #Deep S in II, III, and AVF
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| == LPFB ==
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| #Usually means disease
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| #Right axis deviation (>110) w/QRS < 0.10s
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| #Tall R in II, III, AVF
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| #Exclude other causes (COPD, RVH, Lat MI)
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| == Source ==
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| 9/09 DONALDSON (adapted from Niemann, Lampe, Pani)
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| [[Category:Cards]] <br/>
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