Viral parotitis: Difference between revisions
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Acute infection of the parotid glands | *Acute infection of the parotid glands | ||
*Most often caused by | *Most often caused by paramyxoviruses (e.g. [[mumps]]); less commonly by [[influenza]], parainfluenza, [[coxsackie]], echo, [[HIV]] | ||
*Most common in children <15yrs | *Most common in children <15yrs | ||
*Contagious for | *Contagious for 9 days after onset of parotid swelling | ||
===Complications=== | ===Complications=== | ||
*Mastitis, pancreatitis, aseptic meningitis, hearing loss, myocarditis, polyarthritis, hemolytic anemia | *[[Mastitis]], [[pancreatitis]], aseptic [[meningitis]], [[hearing loss]], [[myocarditis]], [[polyarthritis]], [[hemolytic anemia]] | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
Revision as of 13:34, 23 November 2017
Background
- Acute infection of the parotid glands
- Most often caused by paramyxoviruses (e.g. mumps); less commonly by influenza, parainfluenza, coxsackie, echo, HIV
- Most common in children <15yrs
- Contagious for 9 days after onset of parotid swelling
Complications
- Mastitis, pancreatitis, aseptic meningitis, hearing loss, myocarditis, polyarthritis, hemolytic anemia
Clinical Features
- Prodrome of fever, malaise, headache, myalgias, arthralgias
- Unilateral or bilateral parotid swelling
- Unilateral orchitis (20-30% of male patients)
Differential Diagnosis
Bilateral Parotitis
- Viral infections
- Viral parotitis
- Parainfluenza
- Coxsackie virus
- influenza A
- Epstein-Barr virus
- Adenovirus
- HIV
- Cytomegalovirus
- Bacterial infections
- Noninfectious
- Salivary calculi
- Tumors
- Sarcoidosis
- Sjögren’s syndrome
- Thiazide diuretics
Facial Swelling
- Buccal space infections
- Dental problems
- Canine space infection
- Facial cellulitis
- Herpes zoster
- Masticator space infections
- Maxillofacial trauma
- Neoplasm
- Parapharyngeal space infection
- Salivary gland diagnoses
- Parotitis
- Ranula
- Sialoadenitis
- Sialolithiasis
- Superior vena cava syndrome
Management
- Supportive
Disposition
- Isolated parotitis or orchitis: manage as outpatient
- Systemic complications: admit
See Also
Video
{{#widget:YouTube|id=ilEowtWdqsI}}