Paraneoplastic syndromes: Difference between revisions
ClaireLewis (talk | contribs) (Created page with "==Background== *Syndrome associated with cancer, but not due to direct, local effects of neoplasm *Result of hormones/substances secreted by malignant cells or immune response...") |
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| Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome||Neuroblastoma (occurs in 2-3% of peds cases), breast, ovarian, small-cell carcinoma||Autoimmune; s/sx include opsoclonus/myoclonus and other cerebellar dysfunction, aphasia, lethargy/irritability | | Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome||Neuroblastoma (occurs in 2-3% of peds cases), breast, ovarian, small-cell carcinoma||Autoimmune; s/sx include opsoclonus/myoclonus and other cerebellar dysfunction, aphasia, lethargy/irritability | ||
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| | | Brain-stem or [[limbic encephalitis]]||Small cell lung cancer, germ-cell testicular tumors||Autoantibodies against intracellular neuronal proteins | ||
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| [[Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis]]||Gyn tumors (esp. teratomas)||Anti-NMDA receptor auto-antibodies | | [[Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis]]||Gyn tumors (esp. teratomas)||Anti-NMDA receptor auto-antibodies | ||
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| [[Polymyositis]]/[[Dermatomyositis]]||[[Lymphoma]], lung, pancreatic, stomach, bladder, ovarian||autoimmune | | [[Polymyositis]]/[[Dermatomyositis]]||[[Lymphoma]], lung, pancreatic, stomach, bladder, ovarian||autoimmune | ||
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| Acanthosis | | Acanthosis Nigricans||Gastric, lung, uterine||Epidermal growth factor secretion | ||
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| Misc. derm conditions (Sweet's syndrome, Leser-Trelat sign, pyoderma gangrenosum, florid cutaneous papilomatosis, necrolytic migratory erythema, hypertrichosis)||lung, GI adenocarcinomas, breast and GU cancers, lymphoma|| | | Misc. derm conditions (Sweet's syndrome, Leser-Trelat sign, pyoderma gangrenosum, florid cutaneous papilomatosis, necrolytic migratory erythema, hypertrichosis)||lung, GI adenocarcinomas, breast and GU cancers, lymphoma|| | ||
Revision as of 18:23, 16 August 2019
Background
- Syndrome associated with cancer, but not due to direct, local effects of neoplasm
- Result of hormones/substances secreted by malignant cells or immune response to cancer cells/products
Examples
| Syndrome | Main causal cancers | Mechanism |
| Cushing syndrome | Small cell lung cancer, pancreatic carcinoma, neural tumors, thymoma | Ectopic ACTH/ACTH-like substance production |
| SIADH | Small cell lung cancer, CNS malignancies | Ectopic ADH production |
| Hypercalcemia | Lung (esp. SCC), breast, renal/bladder, ovarian, multiple myeloma, adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma | |
| Hypoglycemia | Sarcomas, insulinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma | Insulin/IGF production |
| Carcinoid syndrome | Bronchial adenoma, pancreatic and gastric carcinoma | Serotonin or bradykinin production |
| Hyperaldosteronism | Adrenal adenoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, ovarian carcinoma, lung cancer | increased/ectopic aldosterone production |
| Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome | Small cell lung cancer | Immune-mediated |
| Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration | Lung, ovarian, breast cancers, Hodgkin's llymphoma | |
| Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome | Neuroblastoma (occurs in 2-3% of peds cases), breast, ovarian, small-cell carcinoma | Autoimmune; s/sx include opsoclonus/myoclonus and other cerebellar dysfunction, aphasia, lethargy/irritability |
| Brain-stem or limbic encephalitis | Small cell lung cancer, germ-cell testicular tumors | Autoantibodies against intracellular neuronal proteins |
| Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis | Gyn tumors (esp. teratomas) | Anti-NMDA receptor auto-antibodies |
| Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis | Lymphoma, lung, pancreatic, stomach, bladder, ovarian | autoimmune |
| Acanthosis Nigricans | Gastric, lung, uterine | Epidermal growth factor secretion |
| Misc. derm conditions (Sweet's syndrome, Leser-Trelat sign, pyoderma gangrenosum, florid cutaneous papilomatosis, necrolytic migratory erythema, hypertrichosis) | lung, GI adenocarcinomas, breast and GU cancers, lymphoma | |
| VTE, thrombophlebitis | any advanced cancer. Pancreatic and bronchogenic carcinomas associated w/troussau's sign | Hypercoaguability |
| Polycythemia | Renal cell carcioma, cerebellar hemangioma, hepatocellular carcinoma | Increased erythropoiten production |
| Granulocytosis | various | C-GSF |
| Membranous glomerulonephritis | tumor antigens/immune complexes | |
| Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity | Thymoma | similar to GVHD |