Sarcoidosis: Difference between revisions
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**Most common location for granulomas to occur are the lung, skin, heart, and brain. | **Most common location for granulomas to occur are the lung, skin, heart, and brain. | ||
**Exact cause unknown - thought to be related to an immune reaction to a prior insult such as infection or chemical exposure earlier in life. | **Exact cause unknown - thought to be related to an immune reaction to a prior insult such as infection or chemical exposure earlier in life. | ||
**Do not confuse with infectious granulomatous processes such as [[ | **Do not confuse with infectious granulomatous processes such as [[tuberculosis]]. | ||
[[File:SarcoidXray.png|thumb|Sarcoid Xray - hilar adenopathy]] | [[File:SarcoidXray.png|thumb|Sarcoid Xray - hilar adenopathy]] | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
''Depend on location of granulomata. May be entirely asymptomatic.'' | |||
*Respiratory | |||
**Due to pulmonary granulomata | |||
**[[Shortness of breath]] | |||
**[[Cough]] | |||
**[[Pulmonary hypertension]] | |||
**Pulmonary abscesses/[[empyema]] | |||
**[[Pneumothorax]] | |||
*Erythema nodosum and other skin lesions | |||
*Fatigue | *Fatigue | ||
*Weight loss | *Weight loss | ||
*Arthralgias | *Arthralgias | ||
* | *Cardiopulmonary | ||
* | **[[Restrictive cardiomyopathy]] | ||
* | **Arrythmias due to conduction disturbance | ||
* | *Endocrine | ||
* | **[[Hypercalcemia]] | ||
**[[Hypothyroidism]] | |||
**[[Adrenal insufficiency]] | |||
*Ocular | |||
**Dacryoadenitis (lacrimal duct inflammation) | |||
**Optic neuritis | |||
**Iritis | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
*Malignancy | *Malignancy | ||
*Tuberculosis | *[[Tuberculosis]] | ||
*Coccidiodomycosis | *[[Coccidiodomycosis]] | ||
*Histiocytosis X | *Histiocytosis X | ||
*Wegener's granulomatosis | *Wegener's granulomatosis | ||
*Churg-Strauss syndrome | *Churg-Strauss syndrome | ||
*Lupus | *[[Lupus]] | ||
*Rheumatoid arthritis | *Rheumatoid arthritis | ||
*Polymyalgia rheumatica | *Polymyalgia rheumatica | ||
Revision as of 01:22, 6 September 2016
Background
- Abnormal collection of inflammatory cells (grandulomas) throughout the body.
- Most common location for granulomas to occur are the lung, skin, heart, and brain.
- Exact cause unknown - thought to be related to an immune reaction to a prior insult such as infection or chemical exposure earlier in life.
- Do not confuse with infectious granulomatous processes such as tuberculosis.
Clinical Features
Depend on location of granulomata. May be entirely asymptomatic.
- Respiratory
- Due to pulmonary granulomata
- Shortness of breath
- Cough
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Pulmonary abscesses/empyema
- Pneumothorax
- Erythema nodosum and other skin lesions
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Arthralgias
- Cardiopulmonary
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Arrythmias due to conduction disturbance
- Endocrine
- Ocular
- Dacryoadenitis (lacrimal duct inflammation)
- Optic neuritis
- Iritis
Differential Diagnosis
- Malignancy
- Tuberculosis
- Coccidiodomycosis
- Histiocytosis X
- Wegener's granulomatosis
- Churg-Strauss syndrome
- Lupus
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Polymyalgia rheumatica