Roseola infantum
Background
- Also known as Exanthem Subitum
- Likely caused by HHV-6
Clinical Features
- 3-5d prodrome of high fever → then defervescence → then rash for 1-2d
- Rash - erythematous macular eruption of discrete, pink lesions
- Mostly on neck, trunk, buttocks
- No mucus membrane involvement
- Lymphadenopathy often present
- Often erythematous tympanic membranes
- May have sterile pyuria
Differential Diagnosis
Pediatric Rash
- Atopic dermatitis
- Bed bugs
- Contact dermatitis
- Drug rash
- Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Henoch-schonlein purpura (HSP)
- Herpangina
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Meningitis
- Measles
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Roseola infantum
- Rubella (German measles)
- Scabies
- Scarlet fever
- Smallpox
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
Diagnosis
- Clinical diagnosis, based on history and physical exam
Management
- Supportive care
Disposition
- Discharge
Complications
- Seizures
- Aseptic meningitis
- Encephalitis
- Thrombocytopenic purpura