Acute gastroenteritis/es

Antecedentes

AGE no invasiva
Especie	Inicio	Síntomas	Transmisión	Toxina preformada
Viral (norovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus)	11-72 hrs	Náusea, vómito, diarrea acuosa Dolor abdominal leve, mialgia	Fecal-oral Alimentos o agua contaminados	No
Staph	1-6 hrs	Náusea, vómito severo, diarrea, Dolor abdominal leve	Alimentos cocidos previamente (mayonesa, jamón, ensaladas)	Sí
B. cereus	1-6 hrs	Inicio abrupto de náusea, vómito, diarrea leve	Alimentos cocidos previamente (arroz, vegetales, frutas secas, carne)	Sí
C. perfringens	8-24 hrs	Náusea, vómito mínimo, diarrea acuosa Dolor abdominal	Carnes y aves cocidas o recalentadas previamente	Sí
V. cholerae	11-72 hrs	Diarrea explosiva tipo agua de arroz Vómito, dolor abdominal Fiebre	Fecal-oral Alimentos o agua contaminados	Sí
Giardia	1-4 semanas	Flatulencia, distensión abdominal Heces malolientes y grasosas (esteatorrea)	Fecal-oral Agua contaminada	No

Pres

Invasive AGE
Species	Onset	Symptoms	Transmission
Salmonella	6-72 hours	Fever, relative bradycardia Abdominal pain Bloody diarrhea Headache Osteomyelitis in sickle cell	Eggs Poultry Water Reptiles
Shigella	1-3 days	Fever Abdominal pain Bloody diarrhea Headache 1-5 years old Seizures in children	Food Fecal-Oral
Yersinia	1-5 days	Appendicitis mimic, RLQ pain Fever Vomiting Kids and Young Adults	Water Milk Pork Wild Animals Fecal-Oral
Campylobacter	1-7 days	Low grade fever Abdominal pain Kids and Young Adults Guillain-Barre	Water Poultry Pets/Animals
C. Diff	1-11 Weeks	Copious FOUL diarrhea	Antibiotic use: PCN, Clinda, Cephalosporins
Entamoeba	1-11 weeks	Appendicitis Mimic Abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea	Water Sanitation Travel

Only consider in patients with invasive infection
- Shigella, campylobacter, E. coli, yersinia, vibrio
- Bloody stool with mucus and fever
NOT indicated for E. coli O157:H7
NOT routinely indicated for salmonella
- Exceptions: SCD, IBD, <3mo
Azithromycin (able to tolerate PO)
OR ciprofloxacin
OR TMP-SMX
Ceftriaxone (parenteral)

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