QT prolongation: Difference between revisions
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==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-wqZfRmKQ4 Amal Mattu's Case of the Week (5/20/2012)] | |||
*[http://youtu.be/jrp_XT07fd4 Amal Mattu's Case of the Week (10/13/2014)] | *[http://youtu.be/jrp_XT07fd4 Amal Mattu's Case of the Week (10/13/2014)] | ||
Revision as of 15:14, 18 May 2016
Diagnosis
- QTc >440 (male), >460 (female)
- >500 = real concern (may result in torsades)
Differential Diagnosis
- Pause Dependent (Aquired)
- Drug induced
- Antidyrhythmics
- Phenothiazines
- TCAs
- Organophosphates
- Antihistamines
- Electrolyte Abnormalities (hypoKalemia, hypoMag, hypoCa)
- Hypokalemia triad
- Long QT, ST depressions, PVCs
- Hypokalemia triad
- Diet related (starvation, low protein)
- Severe Bradycardia/AV Block
- Hypothyroid
- Contrast injection
- CVA (intraparenchymal)
- Elevated intracranial pressure and Intracranial hemorrhage
- MI
- Drug induced
- Adrenergic Dependent
- Congenital
- Jarvel/Lange-Nielsen
- (+deafness; AR)
- Romano-Ward synd
- (nl hearing; AD)
- Sporatic
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Jarvel/Lange-Nielsen
- Acquired
- CVA (subarachnoid)
- Autonomic surg (catechol excess: neck dissection, carotid endarterect, truncal vagotomy)
- Congenital
Drug List
- Antiarrhythmics
- Amiodarone, disopyramide, dofetilide, flecainide, ibutilide, mexiletine, procainamide, quinidine, sotalol
- Antibiotics
- Macrolide
- Azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin
- Fluoroquinolone
- Ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin
- Other
- Pentamidine, telithromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
- Macrolide
- Antidepressants
- Amitriptyline, citalopram, doxepin, fluoxetine, nortriptyline, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine
- Antiemetics
- Dolasetron, droperidol, granisetron, ondansetron
- Antifungals
- Fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole
- Antihypertensives
- Nicardipine
- Antineoplastics
- Lapatinib, nilotinib, sunitinib, tamoxifen
- Antimalarials
- Chloroquine, halofantrine
- Antipsychotics
- Chlorpromazine, clozapine, galantamine, haloperidol, lithium, paliperidone, pimozide, quetiapine, risperidone, thioridazine, ziprasidone
- Antivirals
- Amantadine, atazanavir, foscarnet
- Diuretics
- Indapamide
- Immune suppressants
- Tacrolimus
- Opiates
- Methadone
- Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
- Sildenafil, vardenafil
- Skeletal muscle relaxants
- Tizanidine
- Urinary antispasmodics
- Solifenacin
Management
Pause Dependent (precipitated by bradycard)
- Unstable/sustained torsades--> defibrilation (unsynchronized)
- Stable
- Treat underlying prob
- Increase HR (isoproterenol or overdrive pacing)
- Magnesium sulfate IV
- Consider amiodarone
Adrenergic Dependent (precipited by tachycardia)
- Unstable/sustained torsades--> defibrilation (unsynchronized)
- Stable
- Slow HR (B-blockers)
- May consider magnesium sulfate