Emtricitabine/tenofovir

Administration

  • Type: Antiviral (antiretroviral)
  • Dosage Forms:
  • Routes of Administration: Oral
  • Common Trade Names: Truvada

Adult Dosing

  • HIV pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis: 1 tablet (emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir 300 mg) PO daily
  • HIV infection: 1 tablet daily usually in combination with another agent

Pediatric Dosing

  • 17-22kg: Emtricitabine 100 mg/tenofovir 150 mg PO once daily
  • 22-28kg: Emtricitabine 133 mg/tenofovir 200 mg PO once daily
  • 28-36kg: Emtricitabine 167 mg/tenofovir 250 mg PO once daily
  • >35kg: Emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir 300 mg PO once daily

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy Rating: B
  • Lactation risk: Infant risk cannot be ruled out
  • Renal dosing:
    • CrCl 30-50 mL/min: 1 tablet every 48 hours
    • CrCl <30 mL/min: do not use
    • CrCl <60 mL/min: do not use for pre-exposure prophylaxis
  • Hepatic dosing

has not been studied (see hepatotoxicity below)

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug
  • Monotherapy for HIV infection
  • Pre-exposure prophylaxis in patients with unknown HIV status

Adverse Reactions

Serious

  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Reactivation of hepatitis B
  • Immune reconstitution syndrome
  • Rhabdomyolysis
  • Pancreatitis
  • Renal failure
  • Fanconi syndrome

Common

  • Nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain
  • Rash
  • Backache, myalgia, osteopenia
  • Lactic acidosis
  • Dizziness, fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, headache
  • Depression, dream disorder, insomnia
  • Pneumonia

Pharmacology

  • Half-life: 10-17h
  • Metabolism: Hepatic
  • Excretion: Mostly renal

Mechanism of Action

  • Both drugs nucleoside analogues that inhibit activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase

Comments

See Also

References