Ethambutol

Administration

  • Type: Antibiotic, anti-TB
  • Dosage Forms:
  • Routes of Administration: Oral
  • Common Trade Names:

Adult Dosing

  • 15-25 mg/kg PO daily (in combination with other agents)

Pediatric Dosing

  • 15-25mg/kg PO daily

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy Rating: C
  • Lactation risk: Infant risk is minimal
  • Renal dosing:
    • Adjust dose/frequency based on serum drug levels if CrCl <79mL/min
    • CrCl <10: 15-25mg/kg q48h OR 3 times per week
    • CrCl 10-15: 10-25mg/kg q24-36h
    • Hemodialysis: 15-25mg/kg 3 times per week after HD
  • Hepatic dosing:

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug
  • Inability to appreciate or report visual side effects (e.g. infants, comatose)

Adverse Reactions

Serious

  • Optic neuritis
  • Hepatotoxicity

Common

  • nausea/vomiting/diarrhea
  • anorexia
  • headache
  • headache
  • malaise
  • LFT elevation

Pharmacology

  • Half-life: 2.5-4h
  • Metabolism: Liver
  • Excretion: Renal, fecal

Mechanism of Action

  • Inhibits mycobacteria synthesis of metabolites, thus impairing cell metabolism/multiplication

Comments

See Also

References