Chlorate toxicity: Difference between revisions
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Potassium | *Potassium chlorate, barium chlorate, and sodium chlorate found in fireworks, match heads, and weed killers | ||
==Mechanism of Toxicity== | ===Mechanism of Toxicity=== | ||
*Oxidizers and attackers of sulfhydryl groups | *Oxidizers and attackers of sulfhydryl groups | ||
*Cause methemoglobin formation | *Cause methemoglobin formation | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
*Abdominal | *[[Abdominal pain]] | ||
*Vomiting | *[[Vomiting]] | ||
*Diarrhea | *[[Diarrhea]] | ||
*Methemoglobinemia | *[[Methemoglobinemia]] | ||
*Coagulopathy | *[[Coagulopathy]] | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
* | |||
*No specific levels are available | ==Evaluation== | ||
*Co-oximetry | |||
*Additional evaluation based on clinical presentation and presence of methemoglobinemia | |||
*No specific serum levels are available | |||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
*Activated charcoal IS recommended | *[[Activated charcoal]] IS recommended | ||
*Methylene | *[[Methylene blue]] for [[methemoglobinemia]] (1-2 mg/kg of 1% solution) | ||
*Sodium | *[[Sodium thiosulfate]] IV may inactivate chlorate ions (anecdotal) | ||
*Hemodialysis | *Hemodialysis | ||
*Supportive | *Supportive care | ||
==Disposition== | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| Line 29: | Line 33: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Olson, K. Poisoning and Drug Overdose, 1999. | Olson, K. Poisoning and Drug Overdose, 1999. | ||
[[Category:Toxicology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 21:57, 20 August 2019
Background
- Potassium chlorate, barium chlorate, and sodium chlorate found in fireworks, match heads, and weed killers
Mechanism of Toxicity
- Oxidizers and attackers of sulfhydryl groups
- Cause methemoglobin formation
Clinical Presentation
Differential Diagnosis
Evaluation
- Co-oximetry
- Additional evaluation based on clinical presentation and presence of methemoglobinemia
- No specific serum levels are available
Management
- Activated charcoal IS recommended
- Methylene blue for methemoglobinemia (1-2 mg/kg of 1% solution)
- Sodium thiosulfate IV may inactivate chlorate ions (anecdotal)
- Hemodialysis
- Supportive care
Disposition
External Links
References
Olson, K. Poisoning and Drug Overdose, 1999.