Acute dyspnea (peds): Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:57, 16 March 2022

This page is for pediatric patients. For adult patients, see: acute dyspnea.

Background

Breathing complaints common in pediatrics
Infants/children have higher predisposition to respiratory failure relative to adults
- Higher resting metabolic rate requires more oxygen
- Anatomical differences (e.g. smaller diameter airways) predispose to respiratory failure
- Vast majority of pediatric cardiac arrests are secondary to respiratory problem
Included here are other respiratory chief complaints, such as tachypnea, irregular breathing, abnormal respiratory sounds or appearance, cyanosis, which parents may have noticed

Clinical Features

Differential diagnosis

Pediatric Shortness of Breath

Pulmonary/airway

Airway obstruction

Structural

Infectious
- Bacterial tracheitis
- Bronchiolitis (peds), URI
- Croup
- Epiglottitis
- Pertussis
- Pneumonia
- Cystic fibrosis exacerbation

Trauma

Other

Cardiac

Other diseases with abnormal respiration

Normal neonatal periodic breathing (misinterpreted by caregivers as abnormal)
Brief resolved unexplained event
Anemia
Abdominal distension (e.g. SBO, liver failure
Neonatal abstinence syndrome
Decreased perfusion states
Metabolic acidosis
CO Poisoning
Diaphragm injury
Renal Failure
Electrolyte abnormalities
Organophosphate toxicity
Tick paralysis
Fever (Peds)
Panic attack
Porphyria

Evaluation

Management

Disposition

External Links

References

Authors:

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Peds top}} [[acute dyspnea]].''
 ==Background==
 *Breathing complaints common in pediatrics
@@ Line 10: / Line 11: @@
 ==Differential diagnosis==
-===Pulmonary/airway===
+{{Pediatric SOB DDX}}
-*Airway obstruction
-*[[Anaphylaxis]], [[angioedema]]
-*[[Aspirated foreign body]]
-*[[Asthma (peds)|Asthma exacerbation]]
-*[[Pneumonia (peds)|Pneumonia]]
-*[[Pneumothorax]]
-*[[Respiratory distress syndrome]]
-*[[Meconium aspiration syndrome]]
-*[[Bronchiolitis (peds)]], [[URI]]
-*[[Pertussis]]
-*[[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia]]
-*[[Croup]]
-*[[Epiglottitis]]
-*[[Bacterial tracheitis]]
-*[[Tracheomalacia]]
-*[[Cystic fibrosis]] exacerbation
-*[[Pulmonary edema]]
-*[[Pulmonary hypertension]], [[cor pulmonale]]
-*[[Inhalation exposure]]
-*[[Rib fractures[[, [[Flail chest]], [[pulmonary contusion]]
-*Neoplasm
-===Cardiac===
-*[[ Congenital heart disease]]
-*[[Vascular ring]]
-*[[Pericardial effusion and tamponade|Cardiac tamponade]]
-*[[Congestive heart failure|Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CHF)]]
-*[[Myocarditis]]
-===Other diseases with abnormal respiration===
-*Normal neonatal periodic breathing (misinterpreted by caregivers as abnormal)
-*[[ Brief resolved unexplained event]]
-*[[Anemia]]
-*Abdominal distension (e.g. [[SBO]], [[liver failure]]
-*[[Neonatal abstinence syndrome]]
-*Decreased perfusion states
-**[[Pediatric shock]]
-**[[Sepsis (peds)]]
-**[[Dehydration (peds)]]
-*[[Metabolic acidosis]]
-**[[Diabetic ketoacidosis (peds)]]
-**[[Inborn errors of metabolism]]
-**[[Salicylate toxicity]]
-*[[Carbon monoxide toxicity|CO Poisoning]]
-*[[Diaphragm injury]]
-*[[Acute kidney injury|Renal Failure]]
-*[[Electrolyte abnormalities]]
-*[[Organophosphate toxicity]]
-*[[Tick paralysis]]
-*[[Fever (Peds)]]
-*[[Panic attack]]
-*[[Porphyria]]
 ==Evaluation==
@@ Line 75: / Line 23: @@
 ==See Also==
+*[[SOB]]
+*[[Intubation (peds)]]
+*[[Neonatal RSI]]
+*[[PALS]]
 ==External Links==