Amoxicillin: Difference between revisions
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*Excretion:  
*Excretion:  
*Mechanism of Action:
*Mechanism of Action:
==[[Antibiotic Sensitivities]]<ref>Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014</ref>==
{| class="wikitable"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Group'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Organism'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Sensitivity'''
|-
| Gram Positive||[[Strep. Group A, B, C, G]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Strep. Pneumoniae]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Viridans strep]]||I
|-
| ||Strep. anginosus gp||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecalis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Enterococcus faecium]]||I
|-
| ||[[MSSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[MRSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[CA-MRSA]]||R
|-
| ||[[Staph. Epidermidis]]||R
|-
| ||[[C. jeikeium]]||R
|-
| ||[[L. monocytogenes]]||'''S'''
|-
| Gram Negatives||[[N. gonorrhoeae]]||R
|-
| ||[[N. meningitidis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Moraxella catarrhalis]]||R
|-
| ||[[H. influenzae]]||I
|-
| ||[[E. coli]]||I
|-
| ||[[Klebsiella]] sp||R
|-
| ||E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+||R
|-
| ||E coli/Klebsiella KPC+||R
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC neg||R
|-
| ||[[Enterobacter]] sp, AmpC pos||R
|-
| ||[[Serratia]] sp||R
|-
| ||Serratia marcescens||X1
|-
| ||[[Salmonella]] sp||I
|-
| ||[[Shigella]] sp||I
|-
| ||[[Proteus mirabilis]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Proteus vulgaris]]||R
|-
| ||[[Providencia sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Morganella sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter freundii]]||R
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter diversus]]||R
|-
| ||[[Citrobacter sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Aeromonas sp]]||R
|-
| ||[[Acinetobacter sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]||R
|-
| ||[[Burkholderia cepacia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Stenotrophomonas maltophilia]]||R
|-
| ||[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]||R
|-
| ||[[Francisella tularensis]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Brucella sp.]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Legionella sp.]]||R
|-
| ||[[Pasteurella multocida]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Haemophilus ducreyi]]||R
|-
| ||[[Vibrio vulnificus]]||X1
|-
| Misc||[[Chlamydophila sp]]||R
|-
| ||[[Mycoplasm pneumoniae]]||R
|-
| ||[[Rickettsia sp]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Mycobacterium avium]]||X1
|-
| Anaerobes||[[Actinomyces]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Bacteroides fragilis]]||R
|-
| ||[[Prevotella melaninogenica]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Clostridium difficile]]||X1
|-
| ||[[Clostridium (not difficile)]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Fusobacterium necrophorum]]||'''S'''
|-
| ||[[Peptostreptococcus sp.]]||'''S'''
|}
===Key===
{{Template:Antibacterial Spectra Key}}


==See Also==
==See Also==

Revision as of 03:21, 24 June 2014

General

  • Type: Amino-Penicillin
  • Dosage Forms: 250, 500, 875; 125, 200, 250, 400/5 mL
  • Common Trade Names: Amoxil; Moxatag

Adult Dosing

General

  • 500-875 mg PO q12

Strep Pharyngitis

  • 1000 mg PO q24h x 10 days

Otitis Media

  • 1000 mg PO q8h x 10 days

Sinusitis

  • 1000 mg PO q8h x 10 days

Dental Abscess

  • 1000 mg PO x 1, then 500 mg PO q8h x 3 days
  • If I&D

Chlamydial Cervicitis/Urethritis

  • 500 mg PO q8h x 7 days
  • For pregnant patients

Lyme Disease

  • 500mg PO q8h x 14-21 days

Salmonella

Not 1st line treatment

  • Acute
    • Immunocompetent
      • 500mg PO q8h x 3-7 days
    • Immunocompromised
      • 1000mg PO q8h x 3-14 days
  • Chronic carrier
    • 1000mg PO q8h x 3 months

Typhoid Fever

Not 1st line treatment

  • 50-100 mg/kg/day PO divided q6-8h x 14 days
  • First Dose: 12.5mg-33.3 mg/kg PO x 1

Pediatric Dosing

General

  • <3mo: 20-30 mg/kg/day PO divided q12h
    • First Dose: 10-15 mg/kg PO x 1
    • Max: 30 mg/kg/day
  • >3mo: 25-45 mg/kg/day PO divided q12h
    • First Dose: 12.5-22.5 mg/kg PO x 1
    • Max: 875 mg/dose

Otitis Media

  • <2 months
    • 30 mg/kg/day PO divided q12h x 10 days
    • First Dose: 15 mg/kg PO x 1
  • 2 months - 5 years
    • 80-90 mg/kg/day PO divided q12h x 10 days
    • First Dose: 40-45 mg/kg PO x 1
    • Max: 1000 mg/dose
  • 6-12 years
    • 80-90 mg/kg/day PO divided q12h x 5-10 days
    • First Dose: 40-45 mg/kg/day PO x 1
    • Max: 1000 mg/dose

Community Acquired Pneumonia

  • 90 mg/kg/day PO divided q12h x 5-10 days
  • First Dose: 45 mg/kg PO x 1
    • Max
      • 3 months - 4 years: 500 mg/dose
      • >5 years: 4000 mg/day

Strep Pharyngitis

  • 50 mg/kg Po q24h x 10 days
  • Max: 1000 mg/day

Sinusitis

  • 90 mg/kg/day PO divided q8-12h x 10 days
  • Max: 1000 mg/dose

H. pylori

  • 50 mg/kg/day PO divided BID x 7-14 days
  • Max: 2000 mg/day

Early Lyme Disease

  • 50 mg/kg/day PO divided q8h x 14-21 days
  • First Dose: 16.6 mg/kg PO x1
  • Max: 500 mg/dose

Salmonella (>3mo)

  • 50-100 mg/kg/day PO divided q8-12h
    • Acute: x 3-7 days
    • Acute Immunocompromised: 10-14 days
    • Chronic: 3 months

Typhoid Fever (>3mo)

Not 1st line treatment

  • 50-100 mg/kg/day PO divided q6-8h x 14 days

Special Populations

  • Pregnancy Rating: B
  • Lactation: Use caution
  • Renal Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric
  • Hepatic Dosing
    • Adult
    • Pediatric

Contraindications

  • Allergy to class/drug

Adverse Reactions

Serious

Common

Pharmacology

  • Half-life:
  • Metabolism:
  • Excretion:
  • Mechanism of Action:

Antibiotic Sensitivities[1]

Group Organism Sensitivity
Gram Positive Strep. Group A, B, C, G S
Strep. Pneumoniae S
Viridans strep I
Strep. anginosus gp S
Enterococcus faecalis S
Enterococcus faecium I
MSSA R
MRSA R
CA-MRSA R
Staph. Epidermidis R
C. jeikeium R
L. monocytogenes S
Gram Negatives N. gonorrhoeae R
N. meningitidis S
Moraxella catarrhalis R
H. influenzae I
E. coli I
Klebsiella sp R
E. coli/Klebsiella ESBL+ R
E coli/Klebsiella KPC+ R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC neg R
Enterobacter sp, AmpC pos R
Serratia sp R
Serratia marcescens X1
Salmonella sp I
Shigella sp I
Proteus mirabilis S
Proteus vulgaris R
Providencia sp. R
Morganella sp. R
Citrobacter freundii R
Citrobacter diversus R
Citrobacter sp. R
Aeromonas sp R
Acinetobacter sp. R
Pseudomonas aeruginosa R
Burkholderia cepacia R
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia R
Yersinia enterocolitica R
Francisella tularensis X1
Brucella sp. X1
Legionella sp. R
Pasteurella multocida S
Haemophilus ducreyi R
Vibrio vulnificus X1
Misc Chlamydophila sp R
Mycoplasm pneumoniae R
Rickettsia sp X1
Mycobacterium avium X1
Anaerobes Actinomyces S
Bacteroides fragilis R
Prevotella melaninogenica S
Clostridium difficile X1
Clostridium (not difficile) S
Fusobacterium necrophorum S
Peptostreptococcus sp. S

Key

  • S susceptible/sensitive (usually)
  • I intermediate (variably susceptible/resistant)
  • R resistant (or not effective clinically)
  • S+ synergistic with cell wall antibiotics
  • U sensitive for UTI only (non systemic infection)
  • X1 no data
  • X2 active in vitro, but not used clinically
  • X3 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for Group A strep pharyngitis or infections due to E. faecalis
  • X4 active in vitro, but not clinically effective for strep pneumonia

See Also

Source

  1. ↑ Sanford Guide to Antimicrobial Therapy 2014
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