Nitrous oxide

Overview

  • For minimal sedation or anxiolysis
  • It may be used as an adjunct with local anesthetics for more painful procedures

Indications

Contraindications

Nitrous accumulates in potential spaces and is potentially problematic when there are recent lung or ocular surgery.

Equipment Needed

Procedure

  • Pre-sedation establishment of an IV is not required
  • General monitoring procedures shall be followed
  • Nitrous oxide administration should be limited to 30 minutes
  • Administer 100% oxygen for 2-5 minutes after discontinuing nitrous oxide or if nitrous oxide / oxygen administration is interrupted for > 30 seconds

Complications

See Nitrous oxide toxicity

  • Asphyxia, if oxygen is not given with the gas
    • Headache
    • Dizziness
    • Confusion
    • Syncope
    • Seizures
  • Chronic toxicity results from B12 inactivation
    • Megaloblastic anemia
    • Thrombocytopenia
    • Peripheral neuropathy

See Also

External Links

References