Oxygen toxicity: Difference between revisions
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===Ocular=== | ===Ocular=== | ||
*Retinopathy of prematurity (retrolentar fibroplasia) | |||
**Seen in premature infants | |||
*In adults exposed to repeated toxic levels of oxygen, can get hyperoxic myopia | *In adults exposed to repeated toxic levels of oxygen, can get hyperoxic myopia<ref>Anderson B, Farmer JC. Hyperoxic myopia. Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society. 1978;76:116-124.</ref> | ||
**Resolves spontaneously over several weeks | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | ==Differential Diagnosis== | ||
Revision as of 10:07, 4 March 2016
Background
- Resulting from the harmful effects of breathing oxygen at elevated partial pressures
Clinical Features
Pulmonary
- Tracheobronchial irritation → pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea and coughing[1]
- Atelectasis
- Diffuse alveolar damage → Pulmonary edema/ARDS
Central nervous system
- Tunnel vision
- Tinnitus
- Nausea
- Facial twitching
- Irritability (personality changes, anxiety, confusion, etc.)
- Seizure
Ocular
- Retinopathy of prematurity (retrolentar fibroplasia)
- Seen in premature infants
- In adults exposed to repeated toxic levels of oxygen, can get hyperoxic myopia[2]
- Resolves spontaneously over several weeks
Differential Diagnosis
Diving Emergencies
- Barotrauma of descent
- Otic barotrauma
- Pulmonary barotrauma
- Sinus barotrauma
- Mask squeeze
- Barodentalgia (trapped dental air causing squeeze)
- Barotrauma of ascent
- Pulmonary barotrauma (pulmonary overpressurization syndrome)
- Decompression sickness (DCS)
- Arterial gas embolism
- Alternobaric vertigo
- Facial baroparesis (Bells Palsy)
- At depth injuries
- Oxygen toxicity
- Nitrogen narcosis
- Hypothermia
- Contaminated gas mixture (e.g. CO toxicity)
- Caustic cocktail from rebreathing circuit
Diagnosis
- Clinical diagnosis
Management
- Removal from high partial pressure of oxygen, if possible
Disposition
- Admit