Mycobacterium marinum: Difference between revisions
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==Management== | ==Management== | ||
# Long-term antibiotic therapy | # Long-term antibiotic therapy (2-18 weeks) | ||
#*Monotherapy with [[doxycycline]], [[clarithromycin]], [[bactrim]], or [[minocycline]]<ref>Petrini, B; "Mycobacterium Marinum: ubiquitous Agent of Waterborne Granulomatous Skin Infections." European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. October 2006, Volume 25, Issue 10, pp 609-613</ref><ref>Rallis, E; Koumantaki-Mathioudaki, E; "Treatment of Mycobacterium Marinum Cutaneous Infections." Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. Volume 8, Issue 17, 2007</ref> | #*Monotherapy with [[doxycycline]], [[clarithromycin]], [[bactrim]], or [[minocycline]]<ref>Petrini, B; "Mycobacterium Marinum: ubiquitous Agent of Waterborne Granulomatous Skin Infections." European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. October 2006, Volume 25, Issue 10, pp 609-613</ref><ref>Rallis, E; Koumantaki-Mathioudaki, E; "Treatment of Mycobacterium Marinum Cutaneous Infections." Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. Volume 8, Issue 17, 2007</ref> | ||
#*Secondary to drug high levels of drug resistance, may require dual drug therapy | #*Secondary to drug high levels of drug resistance, may require dual drug therapy | ||
Revision as of 15:22, 18 March 2016
Background
- Atypical Mycobacterium species found in fresh or salt water (cold or warm)
- Bacteria that causes "fish tank Granuloma"
- Can infect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts
- M. marinum is generally not found in chlorinated swimming pools[1]
Risk Factors
- Aquarium workers and enthusiasts
- Swimming
- Handling of contaminated water
Clinical Features
Fish tank granuloma. [2]
- Solitary to multiple superficial red nodules or plaques in exposed areas
- Lesions on the hands and fingers if works with aquariums, or the knees and elbows in swimmers
- Ascending lymphangitis that resembles Sporotrichosis
Differential Diagnosis
Skin and Soft Tissue Infection
- Cellulitis
- Erysipelas
- Lymphangitis
- Folliculitis
- Hidradenitis suppurativa
- Skin abscess
- Necrotizing soft tissue infections
- Mycobacterium marinum
Look-A-Likes
- Sporotrichosis
- Osteomyelitis
- Deep venous thrombosis
- Pyomyositis
- Purple glove syndrome
- Tuberculosis (tuberculous inflammation of the skin)
Diagnosis
- Clinical diagnosis in ED
- Can be aided by histopathology
Management
- Long-term antibiotic therapy (2-18 weeks)
- Monotherapy with doxycycline, clarithromycin, bactrim, or minocycline[3][4]
- Secondary to drug high levels of drug resistance, may require dual drug therapy
- Warm compresses (bacterium is heat-sensitive)
Disposition
See Also
External Links
References
- ↑ Slany M et al. Mycobacterium marinum infections in humans and tracing of its possible environmental sources. Can J Microbiol. 2012. 58(1): 39-44
- ↑ Ryan, J and Bryant G. "Fish tank granuloma - a frequently misdiagnosed infection of the upper limb." J Accid Emerg Med. 1997 Nov; 14(6): 398–400.
- ↑ Petrini, B; "Mycobacterium Marinum: ubiquitous Agent of Waterborne Granulomatous Skin Infections." European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. October 2006, Volume 25, Issue 10, pp 609-613
- ↑ Rallis, E; Koumantaki-Mathioudaki, E; "Treatment of Mycobacterium Marinum Cutaneous Infections." Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. Volume 8, Issue 17, 2007