Oxygen toxicity
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Background
- Resulting from the harmful effects of breathing oxygen at elevated partial pressures
Clinical Features
Central nervous system
- Tunnel vision
- Tinnitus
- Nausea
- Twitching (especially of the face)
- Irritability (personality changes, anxiety, confusion, etc.)
- Dizziness
- Tonic–clonic seizure
Pulmonary Toxicity
- Frequent coughing leading to pulmonary edema/ARDS
Ocular Toxicity
- Retinopathy of prematurity
Differential Diagnosis
Diving Emergencies
- Barotrauma of descent
- Otic barotrauma
- Pulmonary barotrauma
- Sinus barotrauma
- Mask squeeze
- Barodentalgia (trapped dental air causing squeeze)
- Barotrauma of ascent
- Pulmonary barotrauma (pulmonary overpressurization syndrome)
- Decompression sickness (DCS)
- Arterial gas embolism
- Alternobaric vertigo
- Facial baroparesis (Bells Palsy)
- At depth injuries
- Oxygen toxicity
- Nitrogen narcosis
- Hypothermia
- Contaminated gas mixture (e.g. CO toxicity)
- Caustic cocktail from rebreathing circuit
Workup
Management
- Removal from high partial pressure of oxygen, if possible